Comparison of volcanic explosions in Japan using impulsive ionospheric disturbances

Cahyadi, Mokhamad Nur; Handoko, Eko Yuli; Rahayu, Ririn Wuri; Heki, Kosuke

doi:10.1186/s40623-021-01539-5

Cited by 27 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 23 publications

(15 reference statements)

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“…It was also noted that the amplitude of ionospheric disturbances seems to scale with the intensity of volcanic eruptions, as they do for earthquakes. T EC changes caused by the five different volcanic eruptions that occurred between 2004 and 2015the Asama, Shin-Moe (two eruptions), Sakurajima, and Kuchinoerabu-jima volcanoes-analysed by Nur Cahyadi et al (2021) showed similar N-shaped disturbances with periods of about eighty seconds propagating outward with the acoustic wave speed in the F region of the ionosphere. The authors believe that such a uniformity suggests its origin in the atmospheric structure rather than characteristics of the volcanic eruptions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Multi-instrument detection in Europe of ionospheric disturbances caused by the 15 January 2022 eruption of the Hunga volcano

Verhulst¹,

Altadill²,

Barta³

et al. 2022

J. Space Weather Space Clim.

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The 15 January 2022 eruption of the Hunga volcano provides a unique opportunity to study the reaction of the ionosphere to large explosive events. In particular, this event allows us to study the global propagation of travelling ionospheric disturbances using various instruments. We focus on the detection of the ionospheric disturbances caused by this eruption over Europe, where dense networks of both ionosondes and GNSS receivers are available. This event took place on the day of a geomagnetic storm. We show how data from different instruments and from different observatories can be combined to clearly distinguish the TIDs produced by the eruption from those caused by concurrent geomagnetic activity. The Lamb wave front was detected as the strongest disturbance in the ionosphere, travelling at between 300 and 340 m/s, consistent with the disturbances in the lower atmosphere. By comparing observations obtained from multiple types of instruments, we also show that TIDs produced by various mechanisms are present simultaneously, with different types of waves affecting different physical quantities. This illustrates the importance of analysing data from multiple independent instruments in order to obtain a full picture of an event like this one, as relying on only a single data source might result in some effects going unobserved.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Multi-instrument detection in Europe of ionospheric disturbances caused by the 15 January 2022 eruption of the Hunga volcano

Verhulst¹,

Altadill²,

Barta³

et al. 2022

J. Space Weather Space Clim.

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“…This can be seen from the SIP position, which was far from the zenith station and included those with very low elevation, although low-elevation TEC data are often noisy. We used polynomial degree up to 6 to remove the effects of satellite motion at low elevations, of which CIDs with clear signals were chosen [5,16,17,19,21,22,25,37,[41][42][43][44][45]. In this study, GPS PRN 9 and 17 (the 2016 West Sumatra earthquake) had lower angles between line-of-sight and CID wave fronts, thus producing anomalies of positive values.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Co-Seismic Ionospheric Disturbances Following the 2016 West Sumatra and 2018 Palu Earthquakes from GPS and GLONASS Measurements

et al. 2022

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The study of ionospheric disturbances associated with the two large strike-slip earthquakes in Indonesia was investigated, which are West Sumatra on 2 March 2016 (Mw = 7.8), and Palu on 28 September 2018 (Mw = 7.5). The anomalies were observed by measuring co-seismic ionospheric disturbances (CIDs) using the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS). The results show positive and negative CIDs polarization changes for the 2016 West Sumatra earthquake, depending on the position of the satellite line-of-sight, while the 2018 Palu earthquake shows negative changes only due to differences in co-seismic vertical crustal displacement. The 2016 West Sumatra earthquake caused uplift and subsidence, while the 2018 Palu earthquake was dominated by subsidence. TEC anomalies occurred about 10 to 15 min after the two earthquakes with amplitude of 2.9 TECU and 0.4 TECU, respectively. The TEC anomaly amplitude was also affected by the magnitude of the earthquake moment. The disturbance signal propagated with a velocity of ~1–1.72 km s−1 for the 2016 West Sumatra earthquake and ~0.97–1.08 km s−1 for the 2018 Palu mainshock earthquake, which are consistent with acoustic waves. The wave also caused an oscillation signal of ∼4 mHz, and their azimuthal asymmetry of propagation confirmed the phenomena in the Southern Hemisphere. The CID signal could be identified at a distance of around 400–1500 km from the epicenter in the southwestern direction.

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“…The positive peak is as strong as ~ 1.5 hPa. We often observe brief but intense pressure changes in near-fields, such as the ~ 4.6 hPa pressure changes associated with the 2011 Jan. 31 eruption (VEI 2) of the Shin-Moe volcano, Kyushu, Japan (Cahyadi et al 2021). Regarding the far-field pressure changes caused by LW from a distant volcano, Ogawa et al (1982) reported one example, i.e., they observed ~ 0.1 hPa pressure change in Japan by the passage of LW excited by the 1980 St. Helens eruption (VEI 5).…”

Section: Passages Of the Atmospheric Wavesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Using such GNSS-TEC techniques, we detected ionospheric responses to large volcanic eruptions in Japan and in the world. They occur as harmonic oscillations of TEC (e.g., Nakashima et al 2016;Shults et al 2016;Shestakov et al 2021;Heki and Fujimoto 2022), and as N-shaped short pulses of TEC changes (e.g., Heki 2006;Cahyadi et al 2021), after continuous Plinian eruptions and Vulcanian explosions, respectively. Both types of the disturbance signals propagate outward with a speed of 0.8-1.0 km/s, the acoustic wave velocity in the ionospheric F region.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ionospheric signatures of repeated passages of atmospheric waves by the 2022 Jan. 15 Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha’apai eruption detected by QZSS-TEC observations in Japan

Heki

2022

Earth Planets Space

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A large eruption occurred on Jan. 15, 2022, at the submarine volcano Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha’apai, southern Pacific, and the atmospheric Lamb wave was observed to have traveled round the Earth multiple times with a speed of ~ 0.3 km/s. Here, I compare their ionospheric and atmospheric signatures using data from dense arrays of barometers and GNSS stations in Japan. I confirmed that the ionospheric disturbances passed over Japan at least four times, first from SE to NW, then from NW to SE, again from SE to NW, and finally from NW to SE. The propagation velocity of the ionospheric disturbances was as fast as the atmospheric Lamb wave, suggesting their origin as upward energy leakage from the troposphere. The first passage of the ionospheric disturbance started prior to the arrival of the Lamb pulse, but its physical mechanism is yet to be explored. Unlike the barometric records, waveforms and amplitudes of ionospheric disturbances exhibit large diversity along the wavefront, suggesting their turbulent nature. Graphical Abstract

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Comparison of volcanic explosions in Japan using impulsive ionospheric disturbances

Cited by 27 publications

References 23 publications

Multi-instrument detection in Europe of ionospheric disturbances caused by the 15 January 2022 eruption of the Hunga volcano

Multi-instrument detection in Europe of ionospheric disturbances caused by the 15 January 2022 eruption of the Hunga volcano

Co-Seismic Ionospheric Disturbances Following the 2016 West Sumatra and 2018 Palu Earthquakes from GPS and GLONASS Measurements

Ionospheric signatures of repeated passages of atmospheric waves by the 2022 Jan. 15 Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha’apai eruption detected by QZSS-TEC observations in Japan

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