Comparison of virulence factors of oral Candida dubliniensis and Candida albicans isolates in healthy people and patients with chronic candidosis

Abstract

We determined differences in the expression of certain virulence factors between oral Candida dubliniensis and Candida albicans species. In addition, clonal differences were sought among C. albicans isolates recovered from patients with and without compromised immune system. The material comprised 93 clinical yeast isolates originated in 40 subjects (1-5 isolates per subject). All 26 C. dubliniensis isolates and 46 C. albicans isolates originated from healthy routine dental clinic patients. Additionally, 21 C. albicans isolates were collected from patients with autoimmune polyendocrinopathy-candidosis-ectodermal dystrophy (APECED), who have chronic candidosis as one manifestation of their immunocompromising disease. Polymerase chain reaction amplification using the random sequence primer OPE-03 enabled grouping of the C. dubliniensis isolates in 2 genotypes (I and II) and C. albicans isolates in 15 genotypes (I-XV). No significant difference was found in the distribution of genotypes between the patients with APECED and the healthy subjects. C. dubliniensis isolates exhibited high-frequency phenotypic switching significantly more frequently than did C. albicans isolates, and vice versa regarding phospholipase and proteinase production. Proteinase production was significantly more frequent among C. albicans genotype V than genotype IX isolates. No significant difference was found in expression of virulence factors of C. albicans isolates between the patients with APECED and the healthy subjects.

Biotyping and genotypic diversity among oral Candida albicans strains from caries-free and caries-active healthy children

“…Some patients show stains with reduced genetic diversity (7,43), even though other patients can show alterations in the frequency of phenotypes and genotypes of C. albicans (3,43,44), suggesting the existence of a dynamic process of colonization of these species, or the difficulty still in establishing a more defined comparison the phenotypic and genotypic diversity of these microorganisms, using the available methods.…”

“…These results are also partly in agreement with results reported by (1), which demonstrated that 83.3% and 71.9% of the C. albicans strains produced this enzyme, when isolated from niches with and without lesions characteristic of candidiasis, respectively. However, in comparing virulence factors of C. albicans and C. dubliniensis, isolated from healthy individuals and patients with chronic candidiasis, showed that 52% of the C. albicans strains isolated from immuno-compromised patients and 60% from healthy patients produced phospholipase (7).…”

Rapid detection of <i>Candida albicans</i> in oral exfoliative cytology samples by loop-mediated isothermal amplification

“…Many techniques are available to detect Candida species in clinical samples, including fungal culture, PAS staining, Grocott's methenamine silver staining, immunostaining, PCR, and LAMP (12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17).…”

“…Opportunistic C. albicans infections of the oral cavity are a known risk factor for aspiration pneumonia (11). Several detection methods for C. albicans are available, including microbial culture, microscopic examination (PAS staining, Grocott's methenamine silver staining) and biochemical techniques (indirect hemagglutination, counterimmunoelectrophoresis), polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and real-time PCR (12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17). However, these methods require technical expertise and complex devices, and diagnosis using them is time-consuming and costly.…”

Prevalência de colonização e infecção bucal por Candida e de cárie não-tratada em pacientes pediátricos com aids

“…Candida dubliniensis, espécie recentemente descrita por SULLIVAN et al (1995), e isolada principalmente da mucosa bucal de indivíduos infectados pelo HIV SULLIVAN et al, 1995), tem sido encontrada também em pacientes clinicamente saudáveis (HANNULA et al, 2000;PINJON et al, 1998 INSTITUTE, 1998;GUIDELINES, 2000).…”