“…A very common approach for time delay estimation is the correlation technique, see Fertner and Sjölund (1986), Viola and Walker (2003), Barsanti and Tummala (2003), Benesty, Chen, and Huang (2004), Chen, Benesty, and Huang (2006), Dooley and Nandi (1998), , Grennberg and Sandell (1994), Hertz (1986), Jacovitti and Scarano (1993), Knapp and Carter (1976), Mamat and Fleming (1995), Najafi, Zekri, and Askari (2010), Ni, Shah, and Xiao (2008), Ni, Xiao, and Shah (2010), Nikias and Pan (1988), Park and Nam (2002), Rad, Lo, and Tsang (2003), Tabaru (2007) for examples thereof. The correlation technique is usually applied offline using a batch of input and output data or in a quasi-online way using a moving window data batch.…”