Comparison of various methods for differentiation of staphylococci and micrococci

Baker, J S

doi:10.1128/jcm.19.6.875-879.1984

Cited by 79 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…[11][12][13] In these studies, however, a large fraction of the other Staphylococcus species which might have been misidentified as Micrococcus on the Baird-Parker's method would have been ignored (Table 1) because of their strict aerobic characteristics. [20][21] The results in this study confirm the generally reported view [23][24] that the differentiation of Micrococcus and Staphylococcus based on the detection of acid production from glucose is difficult.…”

Section: Differentiation Of the Gram-positive Catalase-positive Coccsupporting

confidence: 88%

Comparison of three culture methods for the differentiation of Micrococcus and Staphylococcus in fermented squid shiokara

Kimura

Fujii

2000

Fisheries Sci

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SUMMARY: The accuracy in the differentiation between Micrococcus and Staphylococcus with three culture methods has been evaluated, using bacterial strains isolated from ika‐shiokara, a traditional Japanese fermented squid meat. A total of 530 strains of Gram‐positive, catalase‐positive cocci isolated from ika‐shiokara as well as the type strains of Micrococcus (eight strains) and Staphylococcus (26 strains) was differentiated with three culture methods using furazolidone‐peptone (FP) agar, Schleifer‐Krämer (SK) agar, and oxidation‐fermentation (OF) test of glucose. All the type strains of both genera used were clearly differentiated on FP agar, and well differentiated on SK agar with some exceptions, while only 46% of Staphylococcus could be identified correctly on the OF test. Among the 530 strains of Gram‐positive, catalase‐positive coccal isolates, 491 strains were identified as Staphylococcus on the FP & SK agar, while only 73 strains were identified as Staphylococcus on the OF test. To obtain detailed accuracy, 55 strains were randomly selected from the 530 strains and were further examined by DNA base composition (mol GC%) assay. The results on the FP & SK agar revealed 100% similarity with the results obtained by mol GC% assay, while the OF test of glucose revealed only 24% similarity with them. These results confirmed that OF test of glucose such as Baird‐Parker’s method is misleading method, which is still of relatively common use for differentiation of these two genera in food microbiological study. The simultaneous use of FP & SK agar was suggested to be useful in routine identification system in food microbiological study.

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Section: Differentiation Of the Gram-positive Catalase-positive Coccsupporting

confidence: 88%

Comparison of three culture methods for the differentiation of Micrococcus and Staphylococcus in fermented squid shiokara

Kimura

Fujii

2000

Fisheries Sci

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“…ence strains, this hemolytic ring was seen with all the S. When the TSA Il plates of strains in some species were haemolyticus and S. simulans, four ofthe five S. capitis, and 13 (100) S. sciuri .0 (NA") 2 2 (100) mucilaginosus "The mean is the average of all values, but the range does not include the 6-mm zones that imply no inhibition. bNA, Not applicable.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of coagulase-negative staphylococci that help differentiate these species and other members of the family Micrococcaceae

et al. 1988

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One hundred reference strains and 1,240 clinical isolates representing 26 species of the family Micrococcaceae were used to evaluate the potential of tests for synergistic hemolysis, adherence to glass, pyroglutamyl-II-naphthylamide hydrolysis, and susceptibility to a set of five antimicrobial agents for differentiating these species and strains within the species. Sixty-eight percent of the clinical isolates exhibited synergistic hemolysis; 69% of the clinical staphylococci but none of the micrococci or stomatococci were adherence positive, and 92% of the strong positive adherence reactions were produced by strains of Staphylococcus epidermidis. Strains from 15 of the species were pyroglutamyl-4-naphthylamide positive, but this test separated Staphylococcus xylosus from other novobiocin-resistant staphylococci and Staphylococcus intermedius from other coagulase-positive species. A polymyxin B disk helped differentiate S. epidermidis from most other coagulase-negative staphylococci, and a bacitracin disk (10 U) helped differentiate Staphylococcus haemolyticus from most other novobiocin-susceptible staphylococci. All strains that were susceptible to furazolidone and resistant to Taxo A disks (bacitracin, 0.04 U; BBL Microbiology Systems, Cockeysville, Md.) were staphylococci. We observed a 91% correlation between species identification obtained with the Staph-Ident system (Analytab Products, Plainview, N.Y.) and conventional methods; but the micrococci and stomatococci were incorrectly identified as staphylococci with Staph-Ident, and several isolates of S. epidermidis were misidentified as Staphylococcus hominis because they were alkaline phosphatase negative. Both these problems can be prevented by adding the simple tests we describe to those already recommended when the Staph-Ident system is used to identify isolates of gram-positive, catalase-positive cocci.

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“…were differentiated from Micrococcus spp. based on oxidation and fermentation of glucose, resistance to bacitracin (0.04 U), and susceptibility to furazolidone (100 μg; Baker, 1984). Identification of Staphylococcus spp.…”

Section: Laboratory Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enterotoxin genes in coagulase-negative and coagulase-positive staphylococci isolated from bovine milk

Guimarães

Nobrega

Richini-Pereira

et al. 2013

Journal of Dairy Science

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The objective of this study was to isolate and identify the main staphylococcal species causing bovine mastitis in 10 Brazilian dairy herds and study their capability to produce enterotoxins. Herds were selected based on size and use of milking technology, and farms were visited once during the study. All mammary glands of all lactating cows were screened using the California Mastitis Test (CMT) and a strip cup. A single aseptic milk sample (20 mL) was collected from all CMT-positive quarters. Identification of Staphylococcus spp. was performed using conventional microbiology, and PCR was used to determine the presence of enterotoxin-encoding genes (sea, seb, sec, and sed). Of the 1,318 CMT-positive milk samples, Staphylococcus spp. were isolated from 263 (19.9%). Of these isolates, 135 (51%) were coagulase-positive staphylococci (CPS) and 128 (49%) were coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS). Eighteen different species of CNS were isolated, among which S. warneri, S. epidermidis and S. hyicus were the most frequent. The distribution of Staphylococcus species was different among herds: S. epidermidis was found in 8 herds, S. warneri was found in 7 herds, and S. hyicus in 6 herds. Some of the CNS species (S. saprophyticus ssp. saprophyticus, S. auricularis, S. capitis, and S. chromogenes) were isolated in only one of the farms. Genes related to production of enterotoxins were found in 66% (n=85) of all CNS and in 35% of the CPS isolates. For both CNS and CPS isolates, the most frequently identified enterotoxin genes were sea, seb, and sec; the prevalence of sea differed between CPS (9.5%) and CNS (35.1%) isolates. Staphylococcus warneri isolates showed a greater percentage of sea than seb, sec, or sed, whereas S. hyicus isolates showed a greater percentage of sea than sec. Over 60% of CNS belonged to 3 major species, which carried 62.2 to 81.3% of the enterotoxin genes. The high prevalence highlights the potential for food poisoning caused by these species. For possible high-risk situations for food poisoning, such as milk produced with total bacterial counts greater than regulatory levels and stored under inappropriate temperatures, monitoring contamination with CNS could be important to protect human health. Because the prevalence of CNS intramammary infections in dairy herds is usually high, and these species can be found in great numbers in bulk milk, identification of risk factors for production of staphylococcal enterotoxins should be considered in future studies.

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Comparison of various methods for differentiation of staphylococci and micrococci

Cited by 79 publications

References 19 publications

Comparison of three culture methods for the differentiation of Micrococcus and Staphylococcus in fermented squid shiokara

Comparison of three culture methods for the differentiation of Micrococcus and Staphylococcus in fermented squid shiokara

Characteristics of coagulase-negative staphylococci that help differentiate these species and other members of the family Micrococcaceae

Enterotoxin genes in coagulase-negative and coagulase-positive staphylococci isolated from bovine milk

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