Comparison of vaccination of mice and rats with Haemophilus influenzae and bordetella pertussis as models of atopy

Abstract

1. Rats and mice were vaccinated with Haemophilus influenzae in different vaccination schedules whereafter blood eosinophils were counted. In rats a single vaccination resulted in a dose-dependent effect on the blood eosinophil count in a pattern comparable with that after Bordetella pertussis vaccination. In a long-term vaccination schedule (five times a week for 5 weeks) rats developed a constant eosinophilia. In mice a single vaccination resulted in an eosinopenia of a consistent pattern which differed from the response after Bordetella pertussis vaccination; in a long-term vaccination schedule, eosinophilia was evoked for a period of about 13 days. 2. Thirty minutes after an adrenaline injection in vaccinated rats and mice with Haemophilus influenzae, hyperglycaemic and eosinophilic responses were measured. The eosinophilic response after adrenaline was inhibited in both species; the hyperglycaemic response in rats was unaltered, in mice the response was slightly but significantly (P less than 0.05) decreased. 3. The sensitivity to several drugs was tested in mice, 5 days after vaccination with Haemophilus influenzae or Bordetella pertussis. Haemophilus influenzae vaccination reduced the isoprenaline sensitivity and increased the noradrenaline sensitivity. Bordetella pertussis vaccination reduced the isoprenaline sensitivity while the sensitivity to histamine and adrenaline was raised. 4. The Haemophilus influenzae vaccinated experimental animal provides a model that is possibly more related to human atopy than the Bordetella pertussis vaccinated animal.

The effects of Haemophilus influenzae vaccination on an aphylactic mediator release and isoprenaline-induced inhibition of mediator release

“…'atopic dogs' or the anaphylactic state (Middleton, 1972;Patterson, 1974), hypothalamic lesions (Macris et al, 1970) and impairment of /3-adrenoceptor function (Townley et al, 1967) whereas vaccination with B. pertussis has also been used as a model of atopy (Szentivanyi, 1968). However, Terpstra et al (1979) described vaccination with H. influenzae as a better model for human atopy because H. influenzae is one of the most common bacteria found in the lower respiratory tract of patients with chronic asthmatic bronchitis (see Hirschmann and Everett, 1979;Van der Zwan, 1976).…”

“…Terpstra et al (1979) showed that in rats 4 days after vaccination, both lung and plasma histamine levels were increased and mast cell histamine content was elevated so it seems logical that more histamine would also be released after ovalbumin shock.…”

Effects of anterior hypothalamic lesions and sham‐operations on bacterial endotoxin‐induced non‐specific airway hyperreactivity in vivo and in vitro

“…Intraperitoneal administration to rodents of killed Gram-negative bacteria like Bordetella pertussis and Haemophilus influenzae or the common cell-wall component endotoxin has been shown to be a valid animal model for atopy in which non-specific airway hyperreactivity occurs, together with other criteria for atopy like eosinophilia and enhanced IgE anti-'Author for correspondence. body production (Szentivanyi, 1968;Terpstra et al, 1979;Nijkamp & Schreurs, 1984). Furthermore, we showed previously that an imbalance between the cholinergic bronchoconstrictorand the fl-adrenergic bronchodilator systems in guinea-pig isolated trachea occurred, four days after i.p.…”

Mast Cells as a Possible Source of <i>Haemophilus influenza</i><i>e</i>-Induced Changes in Plasma and Lung Histamine Levels

“…Sus pensions of noncapsulated H. influenzae organ isms were obtained from the Department of Mi crobiology of the Academic Hospital Utrecht. The stock suspension contained 5,000 million killed cells per milliliter and was injected intraperito-neally in a volume of 0.1 ml, representing a dose inducing considerable effects on /5-adrenoceptor activity 4 days after vaccination [25,26] Rat peritoneal mast cells were isolated accord ing to the procedure described by Sullivan et at. [22], with the exception that heparin was omitted from the mast cell medium.…”