Comparison of urine to sweat patch test results in court ordered testing

Levisky, Joseph A.; Bowerman, David L.; Jenkins, Werner W.; Johnson, Deborah G.; Levisky, John S.; Karch, Steven B.

doi:10.1016/s0379-0738(01)00443-1

Cited by 9 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Drugs of abuse have been analyzed by near-IR spectroscopy (459). Drugs of abuse have also been detected on U.S. paper currency (460), in hair (461), in perspiration (462,463), in oral fluid (464), in oral fluid and sweat wipes (465), in plasma, oral fluid, and sweat wipes (466), in bile (467), and in larvae of Protophormia terraenovae and Calliphora vicina (Diptera: Calliphoridae) (468). Web sources for use in forensic toxicology have been reviewed (469).…”

Section: Drugs and Poisonsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Forensic Science

Brettell¹,

Rudin

Saferstein³

2003

Anal. Chem.

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Section: Drugs and Poisonsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Forensic Science

Brettell¹,

Rudin

Saferstein³

2003

Anal. Chem.

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“…It is relatively easy to obtain, usually available in large quantities, and the methods for drug determination are well understood. Though alternative specimen types, such as sweat and oral fluid have gained popularity, urine is still the most frequently used specimen for drug testing of all types.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new automated assay for the detection of synthetic urine in drug testing

Silva

Kaileh

Hobbs

2019

Drug Testing and Analysis

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Urine drug testing can be subject to attempts to dilute, adulterate, or substitute the specimen. Substitution may involve the use of commercially available synthetic urine. Current laboratory methods to detect specimen validity often fail to detect these products. We evaluated a new automated assay designed to detect synthetic urine. We determined that the assay met performance requirements and accurately identified five commercially obtained products as synthetic urine while not identifying known normal urine as synthetic. However, in a group of 843 patient urine samples, 40 of the 46 urine samples identified as “synthetic” were samples with creatinine <50 mg/dL. Fourteen of the 40 were actually positive for drugs of abuse. We conclude that the test is analytically valid but clinically limited. We recommend that it be used in conjunction with other indicators of synthetic urine. We suggest a scheme that would achieve this, and reporting terminology that would reflect the limits of the analysis.

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Sweat: Toxicology

Torre

Pichini

2009

Wiley Encyclopedia of Forensic Science

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Drugs are distribute into sweat by passive diffusion and transdermal migration. The proof of principle of drug testing in sweat has been developed in the last 25 years. Numerous devices and approaches have been developed for the collection of sweat. The potential application of sweat analysis for on‐site drug testing at the roadside is limited by the nonavailability of adequate analytical devices. Their major limitation is the lack of sensitivity to some drug classes. Adequate analytical methodology has been developed for drug analysis both in sweat patches and skin swabs. Immunoassays directed at the detection of parent drugs combined with highly sensitive chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry analytical methods is the most common analytical approach. In particular, the sweat patch drug testing approach has been proven to be an alternative to urine testing in Substance Abuse Treatment and probation programs. Some of the advantages include a wider detection window, easier sample collection, and reduced opportunities for sample tampering. There are still some pending studies on environmental skin contamination, drug absorption/loss through patch membrane, and drug reabsorption from patches that limit the routine application of drug testing in sweat to some extent.

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Comparison of urine to sweat patch test results in court ordered testing

Cited by 9 publications

References 6 publications

Forensic Science

Forensic Science

A new automated assay for the detection of synthetic urine in drug testing

Sweat: Toxicology

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