Comparison of UAV Photogrammetry and 3D Modeling Techniques with Other Currently Used Methods for Estimation of the Tree Row Volume of a Super-High-Density Olive Orchard

Anifantis, Alexandros Sotirios; Camposeo, Salvatore; Vivaldi, Gaetano Alessandro; Santoro, Francesco; Pascuzzi, Simone

doi:10.3390/agriculture9110233

Cited by 57 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Mesas-Carrascosa et al [19] reported good results comparing ground measurements of the heights of individual grapevines with the estimated heights from the UAV point cloud, showing high determination coefficients (R 2 > 0.87) and low root-mean-square error (0.07 m). For volume characterization, Anifantis et al [2] described the calculation of tree row volume (TRV) comparing three different methodologies that show an average value of the difference equal to +13% between the method based on UAV and manual in situ measurements. Caruso et al, 2017 found a good correlation between measured and UAV estimated canopy volume, with a constant height of 0.9 m R 2 was equal to 0.62, while R 2 increased (0.75) when the actual distance of the canopy from the ground was used in the calculation, but in this case the estimated canopy volume diverged from the 1:1 line.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of novel precision viticulture tool for canopy biomass estimation and missing plant detection based on 2.5D and 3D approaches using RGB images acquired by UAV platform

Gennaro

Matese

2020

Plant Methods

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Background: The knowledge of vine vegetative status within a vineyard plays a key role in canopy management in order to achieve a correct vine balance and reach the final desired yield/quality. Detailed information about canopy architecture and missing plants distribution provides useful support for farmers/winegrowers to optimize canopy management practices and the replanting process, respectively. In the last decade, there has been a progressive diffusion of UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicles) technologies for Precision Viticulture purposes, as fast and accurate methodologies for spatial variability of geometric plant parameters. The aim of this study was to implement an unsupervised and integrated procedure of biomass estimation and missing plants detection, using both the 2.5D-surface and 3D-alphashape methods. Results: Both methods showed good overall accuracy respect to ground truth biomass measurements with high values of R 2 (0.71 and 0.80 for 2.5D and 3D, respectively). The 2.5D method led to an overestimation since it is derived by considering the vine as rectangular cuboid form. On the contrary, the 3D method provided more accurate results as a consequence of the alphashape algorithm, which is capable to detect each single shoot and holes within the canopy. Regarding the missing plants detection, the 3D approach confirmed better performance in cases of hidden conditions by shoots of adjacent plants or sparse canopy with some empty spaces along the row, where the 2.5D method based on the length of section of the row with lower thickness than the threshold used (0.10 m), tended to return false negatives and false positives, respectively. Conclusions: This paper describes a rapid and objective tool for the farmer to promptly identify canopy management strategies and drive replanting decisions. The 3D approach provided results closer to real canopy volume and higher performance in missing plant detection. However, the dense cloud based analysis required more processing time. In a future perspective, given the continuous technological evolution in terms of computing performance, the overcoming of the current limit represented by the pre-and post-processing phases of the large image dataset should mainstream this methodology.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Anifantis et al [2] performed a comparison on an adult super-high-density olive orchard, using three methods for tree row volume (TRV). The first method (TRV1) was based on close-range photogrammetry from UAVs, the second (TRV2) was based on manual in situ measurements, and the third (TRV3) was based on a formula from the literature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of novel precision viticulture tool for canopy biomass estimation and missing plant detection based on 2.5D and 3D approaches using RGB images acquired by UAV platform

Gennaro

Matese

2020

Plant Methods

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“…Sugar beet is an extensive crop of great agronomic value with significant productive and economic returns; moreover, it has always been considered an "improvement crop" from which all crops in succession benefit [3][4][5][6]. Sugar beet and the by-products resulting from its industrial transformation are a noteworthy renewable energy resource [7][8][9][10], e.g., pulps can be used in biogas and electricity production [11][12][13][14][15], and beet leaves and tops are currently used as a fundamental component in the food rations of animal farms, as they are rich in nutrients and they can be employed as a substrate in anaerobic digestion for renewable energy production, due to the high content of both sugar and almost completely digestible fibers [16,17]. Furthermore, large amounts of the sugar industry's different kinds of generated waste, such as sugar beet pulp and leaves, can be employed as precious substrates in the production of biotechnology cellular proteins, enzymes, organic acids, etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance Assessment of Front-Mounted Beet Topper Machine for Biomass Harvesting

et al. 2020

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Sugar beet is an extensive crop of great agronomic value with significant productive and economic returns and Ukraine’s sugar beet accounts for about 5.1% of the overall world production. Sugar beets and the by-products resulting from its manufacturing transformation are a significant renewable energy resource. A new high-quality performance prototype of a sugar beet top harvester, front mounted on a tractor, was built by the authors in Ukraine. The aim of this study is to evaluate the main performance parameters related to the operation of this new machine. Field tests were carried out linking the prototype to a wheel tractor, whilst suitable sensors measured the significant kinematic and dynamic parameters, allowing experimental data collection to assess the machine’s performance parameters. The entire technological process of harvesting and transporting the beet tops to the beet top storage unit required power ranging from 6.42 to 17.65 kW. At the topmost tested forward speed, the required tractor traction force was less than 1.9 kN with the power required by the shaft that drives the screw conveyor ranging from 3.1 to 4.6 kW. This value was the lowest for a speed of the tractor–beet top harvesting machine aggregate ranging from 0.9 to 1.2 m · s − 1 .

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“…and of the tractors that tow these implements (power; measurements, etc.) [24][25][26]. Therefore, each operational unit analysed the crops grown in its own reference area.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Concept of a Compact Profile Agricultural Tractor Suitable for Use on Specialised Tree Crops

2020

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This study firstly examined certain methods of vineyard management typically adopted in Apulia for both table grapes and wine grapes. In the later phenological stages, guyot or spurred cordon vineyards have extremely abundant vegetation, which drastically limits the space available between the rows for the passage of a tractor, even for a narrow-track vehicle. On the other hand, vegetation in tendone vineyards is situated at approximately 1.90 m above the soil surface, so that total tractor height must be compatible with this cultivation method. Foliage canopies in these types of vineyard cultivation system were evaluated at the times of their maximum growth in order to identify the maximum possible size of a prototype tractor that would be able to pass between vineyard rows without interfering in any way with the vegetation and fruits. Using the results of field measurements, it was established that the prototype tractor must have a maximum height of 1600 mm, with a minimum front axle track of less than 1100 mm and a back axle track of less than 1000 mm. A tractor built to these specifications is now being tested in order to compare its performance with that of other tractors commonly used in Apulia in various agricultural contexts.

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Comparison of UAV Photogrammetry and 3D Modeling Techniques with Other Currently Used Methods for Estimation of the Tree Row Volume of a Super-High-Density Olive Orchard

Cited by 57 publications

References 27 publications

Evaluation of novel precision viticulture tool for canopy biomass estimation and missing plant detection based on 2.5D and 3D approaches using RGB images acquired by UAV platform

Evaluation of novel precision viticulture tool for canopy biomass estimation and missing plant detection based on 2.5D and 3D approaches using RGB images acquired by UAV platform

Performance Assessment of Front-Mounted Beet Topper Machine for Biomass Harvesting

The Concept of a Compact Profile Agricultural Tractor Suitable for Use on Specialised Tree Crops

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