Comparison of two methods for exhaled breath condensate collection

Soyer, Özge; Dizdar, Evrim Alyamaç; Keskin, Özlem; Lilly, Craig M.; Kalaycı, Ömer

doi:10.1111/j.1398-9995.2006.01064.x

Cited by 98 publications

(89 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The most recent study by Hauswirth et al (20) included 270 healthy subjects of African ancestry whose health status was based on self-reported absence of a history of asthma, allergic rhinitis, hay fever, or atopic dermatitis. Studies in which respiratory and/or atopic status was more extensively evaluated usually involved a small number of subjects who served as a controls (16,22,(27)(28)(29)31). Which are the most appropriate health criteria for the selection of reliable and representative healthy control providing normal EBC pH values is still an unresolved issue that may be of particular interest for epidemiologic research.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exhaled Breath Condensate pH in Adult Croatian Population Without Respiratory Disorders: How Healthy a Population Should Be to Provide Normative Data?

Varnai

Ljubičić

Prester

et al. 2009

Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology

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The aim of this study was to obtain preliminary exhaled breath condensate (EBC) pH values for healthy adult Croatian subjects, and to evaluate criteria for defi ning respiratory health of population providing normal EBC pH values in epidemiologic studies. In 109 adults without a history of lower airway symptoms (AS), four groups were described by narrowing the defi nition of "health" down to 1) without lower AS; 2) without lower and upper AS; 3) without AS, with normal FEV 1 and bronchial normoreactivity; 4) without AS, with normal FEV 1 , bronchial normoreactivity, normal total IgE, and with negative skin prick test. Median EBC pH values did not differ between the groups (7.72, 7.73, 7.73, 7.73), but as health criteria got stricter, we observed a slight, nonsignifi cant increase in minimal pH values (6.95, 7.10, 7.20, 7.37). Median EBC pH values with interquartile range in the total sample (7.72; 7.63 to 7.76) were within the range previously reported by other authors. They did not differ regarding sex, smoking habit and atopic status, and were not associated with age, FEV 1 or total IgE. The non-signifi cant trend in EBC pH observed with stricter criteria of respiratory health and atopic status indicates the need for further research on criteria for defi ning healthy population in a larger sample.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exhaled Breath Condensate pH in Adult Croatian Population Without Respiratory Disorders: How Healthy a Population Should Be to Provide Normative Data?

Varnai

Ljubičić

Prester

et al. 2009

Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology

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“…Compared with RTubeீ, ECoScreen allows larger volumes of exhaled breath to be collected, and allows detection of proteins and lipids with greater sensitivity (7). It should be noted that breath condenser coatings can affect measurement of biomarkers in EBC.…”

Section: Ebc Collection and Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most commonly used condensers are the EcoScreen (Erich Jaeger GmbH, Hoechberg, Germany), RTube (Respiratory Research Inc, Charlottesville, VA, USA) and in-house glass or Teflon devices (7,9). Compared with RTubeீ, ECoScreen allows larger volumes of exhaled breath to be collected, and allows detection of proteins and lipids with greater sensitivity (7).…”

Section: Ebc Collection and Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Even though various methods and devices are now available, the efficiency of these methods for recovering airway mediators is not established (7). Although the American Thoracic Society and European Respiratory Society Task Force on Exhaled Breath Condensate recently published general recommendations on collection of samples, there are still some methodological pitfalls and unresolved questions (8).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Proteomics of exhaled breath: methodological nuances and pitfalls

Kurova¹,

Анаев²,

Kononikhin³

et al. 2009

Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine

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Background: The analysis of exhaled breath condensate (EBC) can be an alternative to traditional endoscopic sampling of lower respiratory tract secretions. This is a simple non-invasive method of diagnosing respiratory diseases, in particular, respiratory inflammatory processes. Methods: Samples were collected with a special device-condenser (ECoScreen, VIASYS Healthcare, Germany), then treated with trypsin according to the proteomics protocol for standard protein mixtures and analyzed by nanoflow high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) with a 7-Tesla Finnigan LTQ-FT mass spectrometer (Thermo Electron, Germany). Mascot software (Matrixscience) was used for screening the database NCBInr for proteins corresponding to the peptide maps that were obtained. Results: EBCs from 17 young healthy non-smoking donors were collected. Different methods for concentrating protein were compared in order to optimize EBC preparations for proteomic analysis. The procedure that was chosen allowed identification of proteins exhaled by healthy people. The major proteins in the condensates were cytoskeletal keratins. Another 12 proteins were identified in EBC from healthy non-smokers. Some keratins were found in the ambient air and may be considered exogenous components of exhaled air. Conclusions: Knowledge of the normal proteome of exhaled breath allows one to look for biomarkers of different disease states in EBC. Proteins in ambient air can be identified in the respiratory tract and should be excluded from the analysis of the proteome of EBC. The results obtained allowed us to choose the most effective procedure of sample preparation when working with samples containing very low protein concentrations. Clin Chem Lab Med 2009;47:706-12.

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“…While all devices function by cooling exhaled breath, they employ a variety of designs, cooling methods and condensation materials. These include commercial devices, such as EcoScreen ® [ 6 ] ( Figure 1 ), EcoScreen-2 [ 7 ], EcoScreen Turbo [ 8 ], RTube TM [ 9 ], and TURBO-DECCS [ 10 ], as well as custom-made devices [ 11 ] and devices for specific patient groups, including children [ 12 ], infants [ 13 , 14 ] and mechanically ventilated patients [ 15 , 16 ]. A comparison of biomarkers measured in EBC that were collected using different devices is shown in Table 1 .…”

Section: Collection Devicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exhaled breath condensate: a comprehensive update

Ahmadzai

Huang²,

Hettiarachchi³

et al. 2013

Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine

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Since the late 1990s, a surge in interest in the analysis of exhaled breath condensate (EBC) resulted in the American Thoracic Society and European Respiratory Society (ATS/ERS) organising a Task Force in 2001 to develop guidelines on EBC collection and measurement of biomarkers. This Task Force published their guidelines in 2005 based on literature and expert opinions at that time, and multiple shortcomings and knowledge deficits were also identified. The clinical application of EBC collection and its biomarkers are currently still limited by several of these knowledge gaps, hence further guidelines for standardisation are required to ensure external validity. Using related articles produced since the publication of the ATS/ERS Task Force report, this paper attempts to provide a comprehensive update to the original guideline and review the methodological shortcomings identified. This review can hopefully serve as a yardstick for future studies involving this emerging clinical tool.

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Comparison of two methods for exhaled breath condensate collection

Abstract: Compared with RTube, collection of exhaled breath by ECoScreen allows larger volumes to be collected and detects protein and lipid mediators with greater sensitivity. These differences in mediator recovery may be due to the differences in the collection temperature.

Cited by 98 publications

References 8 publications

Exhaled Breath Condensate pH in Adult Croatian Population Without Respiratory Disorders: How Healthy a Population Should Be to Provide Normative Data?

Exhaled Breath Condensate pH in Adult Croatian Population Without Respiratory Disorders: How Healthy a Population Should Be to Provide Normative Data?

Proteomics of exhaled breath: methodological nuances and pitfalls

Exhaled breath condensate: a comprehensive update

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