Comparison of Two Eocene Foralgal Reefs in the South Pacific Ocean: The Burton Guyot Limestone (Unit Iia) at Iodp Site U1376 and the Uitoé Limestone of New Caledonia

Khameiss, Belkasim; Fluegeman, Richard H.; Muftah, Ahmed M.; Grigsby, Jeffry D.; Malone, Shawn J.

doi:10.1130/abs/2018am-317616

Cited by 2 publications

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“…The change mechanism between the coral and algae is vital to understanding the phase shift [17] Littler, and Littler D. S, 1984). There is no strong evidence that simply says the coral was replaced by an overgrowth of algae because many coral reefs were killed or damaged by storms, bleaching, and eutrophication [18] [19] (Khameiss et al, 2019;Khameiss, 2020). During geological time, major fluctuations of light, prey, chemistry, temperature, and sediments are the main contributors to the differences between the algal reef and coral reef [18] (Khameiss, 2019).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Competition between Coral and Algae in Tertiary and Quaternary Reefs: Greenhouse to Icehouse Transitions

Khameiss,

Fluegeman,

Hoyt

et al. 2024

JEP

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The competition between coral and algae in marine reefs is pervasive through geologic time; that competition determines the structure and composition of reef communities, which we see in the fossil record. However, the relationships between coral and calcareous algae in reefs are poorly understood. To study this relationship, several hand samples and thin sections were examined from nine different foralgal reef localities around the world. Foralgal reefs typically extend from about 20 m depth or shallower on the seaward side of the reef. The first section is Salt Mountain, Alabama, which preserves a Paleocene reef. It contains a high percentage of red coralline algae with benthic foraminifera. The second section is IDOP-U1376, IIA Limestone, it is Middle Eocene, in the form of an isolated reef sandwiched between two igneous beds. The third section is the Utoe' Limestone, New Caledonia, it is Middle Eocene in age and is composed mainly of grain-boundstone units with some igneous interlayered. The fourth section is the Darnah Formation in the West-Darnah roadcut section, Northeast Libya, it is Middle Eocene in age, it is composed of highly fossiliferous limestone (corals, red coralline algae, echinoids, mollusks, foraminifers, and bryozoans). The fifth section, the Al Bayda Formation (Algal Limestone Member) in Northeast Libya, is in the Drayanah-Al Abyar roadcut, Northeast Libya, it has several species of algae but also includes a high percentage of buildups of coral species. The sixth section is the Oligo-Miocene Al Faidiyah Formation (Al Fatayah Cement Quarry) limestone unit in Northeast Libya. The seventh section is (Core-core 20) late-early to middle Miocene Limestone Unit-Cicuco Field, NW Colombia. The eighth section is the Benghazi Formation at Benghazi

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The proportion of coral to algae, as derived from thin sections and rock samples, yielded the static outcomes depicted in the figure. The age of the reef was ascertained through foraminifera analysis, pinpointing it to the P4-Late Paleocene epoch (as established by Khameiss et al, 2018;2019) [9] [18].…”

Section: The Late Paleocene Salt Mountain Alabamamentioning

confidence: 99%

Competition between Coral and Algae in Tertiary and Quaternary Reefs: Greenhouse to Icehouse Transitions

Khameiss,

Fluegeman,

Hoyt

et al. 2024

JEP

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“…This reef formed during the late Paleocene to the Eocene, with reef-building dominated by corals rather than algae because of raising the sea level associated with tectonic activity at this time [8,10,14] . The coral and algae-reef builders, are sensitive to paleoenvironmental conditions, and changes in their proportions over time allow for investigation of environmental change in the Paleogene [7,8,9,14] .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The reported microfauna includes several benthic and planktonic foraminifers and ostracod species. The age of this unit was determined by the appearance of some diagnostic foraminifera in these samples [7,8,9,12] . The age of this algal reef is Middle Eocene.…”

Section: Biofacies Unitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Using Biofacies Analysis of a Tertiary Algal Reef (Pinnacle Reef - Middle Eocene IIA), at Burton Guyot (IODP Site U1376) to Determine Transition from Greenhouse to Icehouse

Khameiss,

Fluegeman,

Hoyt

2023

sjuob

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Twenty-five samples were collected at 30 cm intervals from the studied cored interval within the limestone unit (AII) reported at IODP Site U1376 on Burton Guyot. The purpose of this research is to examine and identify the coral and algae suites in the studied core concerning sea level fluctuation during the Eocene time. This reef is isolated by being between two volcanic units in the Southwest Pacific Ocean. Eleven biofacies units have been established based on the fabric of the grains. The biofacies units are as follows; Algal-coral grainstone, foraminiferal algal-coral grainstone (Alabaminabed), foraminiferal algal-coral packstone to grainstone (Heterostegina bed), algal-coral grainstone, foraminiferal algal boundstone, foraminiferal algal grainstone (Lagena bed), foraminiferal algal grainstone (Cibicidoides micrus-bed), foraminiferal algal boundstone to grainstone, foraminiferal algal-coral grainstone, algal echionoidal packstone, and foraminiferal algal coral wacke-packstone. This is the first study to use both algae and coral in differentiating the units mentioned above. The only coralline red algae recognized in the samples is Lithothamnion camarasae. This species is a good indicator of the warm climatic conditions during the middle-late Eocene. The only species of coral found in these units is Isopora togianensis, a scleractinian reef builder. The high percentage of algae compared to coral indicates a climatic change from a greenhouse to an icehouse climate. The faunal trend during this time also indicates a tectonic change.

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Comparison of Two Eocene Foralgal Reefs in the South Pacific Ocean: The Burton Guyot Limestone (Unit Iia) at Iodp Site U1376 and the Uitoé Limestone of New Caledonia

Cited by 2 publications

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Competition between Coral and Algae in Tertiary and Quaternary Reefs: Greenhouse to Icehouse Transitions

Competition between Coral and Algae in Tertiary and Quaternary Reefs: Greenhouse to Icehouse Transitions

Using Biofacies Analysis of a Tertiary Algal Reef (Pinnacle Reef - Middle Eocene IIA), at Burton Guyot (IODP Site U1376) to Determine Transition from Greenhouse to Icehouse

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