Comparison of two different host plant genera responding to grapevine leafroll-associated virus 3 infection

Abstract

Grapevine leafroll-associated virus 3 (GLRaV-3) is one of the most important viruses of grapevine but, despite this, there remain several gaps in our understanding of its biology. Because of its narrow host range - limited to Vitis species - and because the virus is restricted to the phloem, most GLRaV-3 research has concentrated on epidemiology and the development of detection assays. The recent discovery that GLRaV-3 can infect Nicotiana benthamiana, a plant model organism, makes new opportunities available for research in this field. We used RNA-seq to compare both V. vinifera and P1/HC-Pro N. benthamiana host responses to GLRaV-3 infection. Our analysis revealed that the majority of DEGs observed between the two hosts were unique although responses between the two hosts also showed several shared gene expression results. When comparing gene expression patterns that were shared between the two hosts, we observed the downregulation of genes associated with stress chaperones, and the induction of gene families involved in primary plant physiological processes. This is the first analysis of gene expression profiles beyond Vitis to mealybug-transmitted GLRaV-3 and demonstrates that N. benthamiana could serve as a useful tool for future studies of GLRaV-3-host interactions.

Genome-Wide Transcriptomic Analysis of the Effects of Infection with the Hemibiotrophic Fungus Colletotrichum lindemuthianum on Common Bean

“…In our study, expression of genes related to ubiquitination is up-regulated in common bean infected by C. lindemuthianum . Induction of U-box domain-containing proteins has also been reported in both Vitis vinifera and Nicotiana benthamiana in response to the grapevine leafroll-associated virus 3 (GLRaV-3) [ 79 ]. Thus, activation of the ubiquitination system (UBS) could represent a mechanism to cope with pathogens attack.…”

Identification of Interactions between Proteins Encoded by Grapevine Leafroll-Associated Virus 3

“…Moreover, with advances in the field of high throughput sequencing (HTS), research focus has shifted to sequencing-based strategies [ 23 ]. Limited functional studies have been conducted on grapevine virus encoded proteins, and the majority of current research focuses on identifying differentially expressed genes and elucidating the aetiology of grapevine diseases [ 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 ]. In this study, two complementary techniques were employed to identify interactions between proteins encoded by GLRaV-3 with the aim to gain a better understanding of the role of virus-encoded proteins in virion assembly and movement of members of the genus Ampelovirus .…”

Regulation of heat shock proteins 70 and their role in plant immunity

“…However, accumulated evidence indicates that the HSP70 expression is, in fact, triggered by pathogens. Up-regulation of host HSP70 genes has not been found in response to Grapevine leafroll virus 3 closterovirus infection, but this virus has its own HSP70 gene ( Espinoza et al , 2007 ; Prator et al , 2020 ). Aside from closteroviruses, plant viral genomes do not encode HSP70 genes, but many viruses seem to recruit host HSP70s to assist in virion assembly, replication, and cell to cell movement (e.g.…”