Comparison of Two Botulinum Toxin Injection Methods for Treatment of Excessive Gingival Display

Abstract

Background: Hyperfunction of the muscles of the upper lip is considered as the most common cause of excessive gingival display (EGD). The aim of this study was to demonstrate the effectiveness of botulinum toxin (BT) injection as a conservative treatment for EGD due to muscular hyperfunction and to compare the outcome of 2 injection methods. Material and Methods: This study included 40 participants who were randomly assigned into 2 groups of 20 each, The first group received 2.5IU BT injection at 1 point per side (2-points group), while the second group received a total of 5 IU of BT at 2 points per side (4-points group). The outcome variables were the reduction in the central and lateral gingival display expressed as the difference between the pre- and post-injection measurements and the degree of satisfaction of the participants. The follow up visits were at 2- and 12-weeks postinjection. The study variables were statistically analyzed and probability values of <0.05 were considered significant. Results: There was a significant improvement (P < 0.0001) in both groups throughout the follow up period, but the improvement achieved by 4-points group was significantly better than that of the 2-points group with respect to the gingival display and the degree of satisfaction (P < 0.0001). Conclusions: Botulinum toxin injection represents a safe and less invasive modality for treatment of EGD, the 4-points method results in better outcome in terms of clinical measurements and degree of satisfaction over the 2-points method.

An Approach for Gummy Smile Treatment Using Botulinum Toxin A: A Narrative Review of the Literature

“…However, the overall intensity of the outcome did not increase [ 26 ]. In addition, Aldhaher and Bede recommended the use of a four-point technique for a better outcome regarding the degree of satisfaction and clinical measurements compared to a two-point technique [ 10 ]. Myotomy with lip repositioning was reported to provide more stability in the long term compared to repositioning without myotomy.…”

“…The treatment of choice depends on etiological factors such as skeletal disorders, short anterior crowns, and muscular hyperactivity [ 3 , 4 ]. The most common cause of gummy smiles was reported to be the hyperfunction of the muscles of the upper lip [ 10 , 11 ]. Gummy smiles due to lip dynamics have been successfully treated with the use of Botox, which reduces the upward movement of the lip [ 12 , 13 ].…”

Cập Nhật Các Ứng Dụng Của Botulinum Toxin Type a Trong Lâm Sàng Ngoại Khoa Và Thẩm Mỹ Ít Xâm Lấn

“…Nghiên cứu kết luận: điều chỉnh cười hở nướu, BTX-A liều 2,5IU mỗi bên tiêm là phương pháp có thể thực hiện được vì mang lại hiệu quả phục hồi với sự hài lòng cao từ bệnh nhân. Nghiên cứu của Aldhaher, Hussain Adnan [8] gồm 40 người tham gia, được chia ngẫu nhiên thành 2 nhóm, mỗi nhóm 20 người. Nhóm đầu tiên được tiêm 2,5 đơn vị BTX-A ở 1 điểm mỗi bên (nhóm tiêm 2 điểm), nhóm thứ hai được tiêm tổng 5IU BTX-A ở 2 điểm mỗi bên (nhóm 4 điểm).…”

Reporting Quality of Randomized Controlled Trial Abstracts on Aesthetic Use of Botulinum Toxin: How Much Do Abstracts Actually Tell Us?

“…Cosmetics 2023, 10, 119 2 of 14 Initially used for the temporary improvement of moderate-to-severe glabellar lines, botulinum toxin is now used in various aesthetic procedures. Some of the most common cosmetic procedures for which botulinum toxin is used include facial wrinkles' reduction, facelift, brow lift, neck bands, gummy smile, and masseter reduction [5][6][7][8][9][10][11].…”