Comparison of treatment among pulmonary tuberculosis patients with and without Covid- 19 and the impact of type 2 DM

Abstract

Background The impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on tuberculosis (TB) was great enough for COVID-19 to replace TB as the leading cause of death worldwide. The WHO Global Tuberculosis Report 2020 stated that the number of TB cases reported was 845,000. The pandemic caused a decline in the detection of tuberculosis cases, and the attention of the Indonesian government became more focused on making COVID-19 a top priority in prevention and control measures so that tuberculosis cases were neglected. Methods This study used a cross-sectional. The research subjects were recruited using the consecutive sampling technique. The variable of this study was a comparison between pulmonary TB with confirmed COVID-19 and pulmonary TB without COVID-19 using the research subjects for total sampling. Bivariate analysis was used, which was carried out on two compared variables. Results Based on the results of this study, of the 127 samples studied, 101 pulmonary TB patients without COVID-19 and 26 pulmonary TB patients with confirmed COVID-19 were declared cured. This was observed more often among male patients than among female patients. Among TB patients with confirmed COVID-19, two age groups dominated, namely, the 17–25 (23.1%) and > 64 (23.1%) age groups. Moreover, most TB patients without COVID-19 were in the 26–35 age group (23.8%). The results of the length of treatment analysis among pulmonary TB patients without COVID-19 showed ≥ 6 months (82.2%) until these patients were cured. Moreover, the length of treatment for pulmonary TB patients with confirmed COVID-19 until they were declared cured was 7–9 months (61.5%). In this study, the number of pulmonary tuberculosis patients without COVID-19 who had type 2 DM (Diabetes Mellitus) was 77.1%. Conclusions The treatment period for pulmonary tuberculosis patients with confirmed COVID-19 was significantly longer than that for pulmonary tuberculosis patients without COVID-19.