Comparison of tongue muscle characteristics of preterm and full term infants during nutritive and nonnutritive sucking

Capilouto, Gilson J.; Cunningham, Tommy J.; Frederick, Eric; Ee, Dupont-Versteegden; Desai, Nirmala; Butterfield, Timothy A.

doi:10.1016/j.infbeh.2014.05.010

Cited by 25 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…When oral tone of the preterm infant is insufficient, the infant may not be able to generate adequate pressure and suction needed to extract milk from the nipple; conversely if oral tone is too high, too much compression of the nipple may limit the efficiency at which milk is expressed and lead to diminished endurance and stamina [20,36]. Our findings are consistent with a previous study that identified low oral motor tone in preterm infants [15]. The tonal alterations observed in preterm infants could have been a contributing factor to observing a flat position of the tongue in the mouth with limited tongue cupping during feeding, as maintaining positioning of the tongue relies on adequate tone [37].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…The tonal alterations observed in preterm infants could have been a contributing factor to observing a flat position of the tongue in the mouth with limited tongue cupping during feeding, as maintaining positioning of the tongue relies on adequate tone [37]. Although others have identified a decrease in compressive forces of the tongue during nutritive sucking among preterm infants [15,20], we were not able to isolate this difference in the current study. However, these other studies used technologies that allowed precision in quantification, whereas the current study relied on a standardized assessment of feeding through observation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

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Preterm infant feeding performance at term equivalent age differs from that of full-term infants

et al. 2020

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Objective To identify differences in feeding skill performance among preterm infants at term equivalent age compared with full-term infants. Study design Ninety-two infants (44 preterm infants born ≤32 weeks gestation at term equivalent age and 48 full-term infants within 4 days of birth) had a standardized oral feeding assessment. Result Preterm infants at term equivalent age had lower Neonatal Eating Outcome Assessment scores (67.8 ± 13.6 compared with 82.2 ± 8.1; p < 0.001) and were more likely to have poor arousal (p = 0.04), poor tongue positioning (p = 0.04), suck-swallow-breathe discoordination (p < 0.001), inadequate sucking bursts (p = 0.01), tonal abnormalities (p < 0.001), discoordination of the jaw and tongue during sucking (p < 0.001), lack of positive engagement with the feeder and/or discomfort (p < 0.001), signs of aspiration (p < 0.001), difficulty regulating breathing (p < 0.001), and have an inability to maintain an appropriate state (p < 0.001), and complete the feeding (<0.001). Conclusion A broad range of feeding-related difficulties appear to remain evident in preterm infants at term equivalent age.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Preterm infant feeding performance at term equivalent age differs from that of full-term infants

et al. 2020

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“…Indeed, the provision of expressed human milk by bottle may be necessary in the case of maternal-infant separation 8 , and NICUs’ better staffing ratios have been reported to positively affect breastfeeding 9 . Furthermore, infant sucking skills differ between bottle- and breastfeeding 10 , and pre-term infants have been reported to show a weaker and less coordinated suck 11 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of co-morbidities on the development of oral feeding ability in pre-term infants: a retrospective study

Giannì

Sannino

Bezze

et al. 2015

Sci Rep

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Pre-term infants frequently experience difficulties in attaining independent oral feeding, thus delaying the achievement of an adequate nutritional status and hospital discharge. The aim of this retrospective, single-centre, observational study was to investigate the effect of co-morbidities on the timing of the achievement of full oral feeding in pre-term infants. The neonatal and feeding data of 84 infants born at a gestational age of <32 weeks were collected, and the effect of co-morbidities on the achievement of feeding independence was evaluated using multiple linear regression analysis. The mean postmenstrual age at the time of the achievement of full oral feeding was 36.7 ± 3.68 weeks (range 33–53) weeks. The multiple linear regression analysis showed that a low birth weight, the occurrence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia, and the need for gastrointestinal surgical procedures were independently associated with a higher postmenstrual age at achievement of full oral feedings.

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“…The earliest that oral feeding trials are typically introduced is 32 weeks, only if the newborn demonstrates a consistent suck-swallow pattern and cardiopulmonary function is stable. 13 Mizuno and Ueda studied breathing and swallowing patterns in 24 neonates who were born at 28 to 36 weeks' gestation. 14 They reported that at 32 and 33 weeks, swallows mostly occurred during apneic pauses in breathing with resultant drops in oxygenation within the blood (O 2 saturations), but, by 34 weeks' gestation, the pattern changed rapidly and swallows began to occur within the respiratory cycle more regularly.…”

Section: Coordination Of Breathing and Swallowing In The Preterm Neonatementioning

confidence: 99%

Breathing and Swallowing: The Next Frontier

Gross

Trapani-Hanasewych

2017

Semin Speech Lang

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The anatomical overlap of the pathways for air passage and nutrition necessitate precise coordination between the two vital functions. Neuroanatomic structures in the brainstem for sucking, breathing, and swallowing are also in close proximity and must swiftly coordinate the processes. In a healthy neonate, the oropharyngeal experience and stimulation of early feeding enables respiratory control during suckling to develop. Despite wide variability among the methods used to investigate breathing and swallowing coordination in infancy, a consistent finding of postswallow exhalation has been reported. Postswallow exhalation is significant because the positive airflow of exhalation is believed to provide airway clearance. Preterm neonates and infants swallow during all phases of the respiratory cycle, but ultimately progress to the most commonly reported pattern, which is inhale-swallow-exhale. This pattern is similar to the adult pattern of exhale-swallow-exhale. Monitoring respiratory signals during nonnutritive sucking and early feeding may help to identify newborns with increased risk of aspiration and assist with clinical decision making.

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Comparison of tongue muscle characteristics of preterm and full term infants during nutritive and nonnutritive sucking

Cited by 25 publications

References 28 publications

Preterm infant feeding performance at term equivalent age differs from that of full-term infants

Preterm infant feeding performance at term equivalent age differs from that of full-term infants

Effect of co-morbidities on the development of oral feeding ability in pre-term infants: a retrospective study

Breathing and Swallowing: The Next Frontier

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