Comparison of tin and lead toxic action on erythropoietic system in blood and bone marrow of rabbits

Abstract

The aim of this work was to assess and compare morphological changes in blood and bone marrow of rabbits after per os (po) or intraperitoneal (ip) administration of equimolar doses of tin or lead. The experiment was performed on female rabbits that were divided into four groups of six animals each, and received stannous chloride SnCl2 x 2 H2O (Merck) or lead acetate Pb(CH3COO)2 (POCh Gliwice) in equimolar doses (ip--17/microM/kg) or per os (po--85/microM/kg). Group I was administered SnCl2 ip at the dose of 2 mg Sn/kg every day for 3 mo, group II Pb(CH3COO)2 ip at a dose of 3.5 mg Pb/kg every day for 3 wk, group III po SnCl2 (10 mg Sn/kg), and group IV po Pb(CH3COO)2 (17.5 mg Pb/kg), both for 4 mo. The morphological factors hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (Ht), erythrocyte (Ercs), and reticulocyte counts, MCV, MCH, MCHC, and erythropoietic system in bone marrow aspirates with sideroblast count, iron concentration, TIBC, and SI were estimated. Tin caused hemolytic anemia depending on abnormal iron utilization. After ip administration of tin, anemia was observed during the whole time of the study, whereas after po exposure, transient anemia was noticed. It has been proven that the mechanism of toxic action of tin on hematopoietic system is similar to the toxic effect of lead.

Tin Halide Perovskite (ASnX3) Solar Cells: A Comprehensive Guide toward the Highest Power Conversion Efficiency

“…In any case, also inorganic Sn has shown to cause hematological changes in animals and cause hemolytic anemia. [79] On the other hand, organotin compounds are liposoluble and attack the central nervous system. An organotin compound can be described by the general formula R n SnX 4−n , where R is an alkyl or aryl group, and X is an anionic species.…”

Analysis of Urinary Porphyrins in Rats Exposed to Aluminum and Iron

“…The sequence of reactions a!ected by toxic metals and the consequences of their toxicity have been reported (Woods et al, 1991;Chmielnicka et al, 1993Goyer, 1997). Increased excretion of porphyrins in urine and increases in free erythrocyte porphyrins (FEPs) in blood are indicators of impaired hematopoiesis.…”

Annona muricata L. Suppresses Stannous Chloride Effects through Changing Hematological Parameters in Male New Zealand White Rabbits

“…Figs. (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8) were represented results from hematological parameters of male rabbits treated with A. muricata, SnCl 2 and their combination among 10 weeks of experiment.…”

“…SnCl 2 induced a dose-dependent increase in the micronuclei frequency in peripheral erythrocytes of adult zebrafish [6]. Likewise, Janssen et al [7] who investigated the effect of SnCl 2 and they found that hemoglobin decreased significantly While, Chmielnicka et al [8] determined the effect of SnCl 2 on heme biosynthesis in rabbits. The activities of δaminolevulinic acid dehydratase (δ-ALA) in the whole blood, free erythrocyte protoporphyrins, urine δ-aminolevulinic acid (δ-ALA-U) and coproporphyrin (CP-U) were decreased by about 80 % [8] .…”

“…Likewise, Janssen et al [7] who investigated the effect of SnCl 2 and they found that hemoglobin decreased significantly While, Chmielnicka et al [8] determined the effect of SnCl 2 on heme biosynthesis in rabbits. The activities of δaminolevulinic acid dehydratase (δ-ALA) in the whole blood, free erythrocyte protoporphyrins, urine δ-aminolevulinic acid (δ-ALA-U) and coproporphyrin (CP-U) were decreased by about 80 % [8] . De Groot et al [9] studied the role of SnCl 2 mixed in the diet for 4 weeks and found that hemoglobin content of erythrocytes was reduced in rats.…”