Comparison of three ultrasound views for internal jugular venous cannulation in patients undergoing cardiac surgery: A randomized trial

Abstract

Background: The quality of needle visualization during ultrasound-guided internal jugular vein (IJV) cannulation determines the ease of procedure, whereas posterior IJV wall puncture is the most common risk associated. The IJV can be imaged in different views, which offer certain advantages over each other. We compared three different ultrasound views for IJV cannulation short axis (SAX), long axis (LAX), and oblique axis (OAX) with respect to the quality of needle visualization, first pass success rate, and posterior IJV wall puncture. Methods: Two hundred ten patients undergoing elective cardiac surgery were analyzed in this prospective randomized clinical trial. Patients were randomly assigned to one of the three groups: SAX ( n = 70), LAX ( n = 70), and OAX ( n = 70). The quality of needle visualization, first pass success rate, and incidence of posterior IJV wall puncture in each of the three ultrasound views were studied. The Chi-square test and ANOVA were used for the comparison of means and proportion between the groups. Results: The quality of needle visualization was graded as good in 90% patients in OAX group, 81.4% patients in LAX group, and 14.2% patients in SAX group, respectively ( P < 0.0001). OAX group had the highest first pass success rate (94.2%) followed by SAX (88.5%), and then, LAX (82.8%), but it was statistically insignificant among the groups ( P = 0.105). The mean IJV access time was longer in LAX group when compared to OAX and SAX group ( P < 0.0001).The incidence of IJV posterior wall puncture was 14.2% patients in SAX group and none in other groups ( P = 0.0011). Conclusion: The results suggest that OAX view can be adopted as standard approach during ultrasound-guided IJV cannulation as it safe and reliable.

Modified combined short and long axis method versus oblique axis method in adult patients undergoing right internal jugular vein cannulation: A randomized controlled non-inferiority study

“…consistent with previous studies [25,31,32]. Notably, our study introduced a stricter metric, the first needle pass without PVWP, not reported previously.…”

“…In our study, OA-IP approach exhibited a higher incidence of PVWP compared to prior studies [25,31,32]. This divergence might be attributed to previous studies not assessing or considering PVWP as a complication, despite evidence suggesting its high incidence and potential impact on patient outcomes [12,30,33,34].…”

“…OA-IP has been increasingly recommended in recent years for performing ultrasoundguided IJVC [15,25,31,32]. Our findings regarding the number of needle pass, overall puncture success rate, first puncture success rate, and total cannulation time in OA-IP were…”

“…OA-IP has been increasingly recommended in recent years for performing ultrasound-guided IJVC [ 15 , 25 , 31 , 32 ]. Our findings regarding the number of needle pass, overall puncture success rate, first puncture success rate, and total cannulation time in OA-IP were consistent with previous studies [ 25 , 31 , 32 ]. Notably, our study introduced a stricter metric, the first needle pass without PVWP, not reported previously.…”

Anatomical review of internal jugular vein cannulation

“…Cannulation of the IJV is performed for administering medications, fluids, and monitoring pressures, and in cardiac surgery patients for hemodynamic monitoring and measuring cardiac filling pressures [27,115]. The goal is to have a successful first attempt at cannulation because increased attempts increase the risk of complications [115].…”