Comparison of Three Methods in Evaluation of Bone Ingrowth into Porous Bioactive Glass and Titanium Implants

Ylänen, Heimo O.; Ekholm, Clifford; Beliaev, Nikita; Karlsson, Kaj H.; Aro, Hannu T.

doi:10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.192-195.613

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…A scanning electron microscope (SEM) (LEO s 360, former Cambridge Instruments Ltd., Cambridge Instruments, Cambridge, UK) equipped with a backscattered electron detector was used for backscattered electron imaging (BEI‐SEM). Computerized image analysis of BEI‐SEM micrographs, based on the analysis of multiple shades of gray, allows accurate differentiation of mineralized and unmineralized bone ingrowth tissues of metal implant surfaces in real time 15–17. In the current study, BEI‐SEM was applied to measure the true size of laser‐made pores and to determine the quantity and porosity of the ingrown bone.…”

Section: Methods Of Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pore diameter of more than 100 μm is not requisite for bone ingrowth in rabbits

Itälä

Ylänen

Ekholm

et al. 2001

J. Biomed. Mater. Res.

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338

127

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The optimal pore size for bone ingrowth is claimed to be 100-400 microm. With the use of a highly standardized experimental model, the present study reevaluated whether a pore size of 100 microm is the threshold value for bone ingrowth into porous structures under non-load-bearing conditions. Titanium triangle-shaped plates 250 or 500 microm thick were perforated with the use of a laser in order to create standard-sized holes ( 50, 75, 100, and 125 microm) in multiple rows. The amount of bone ingrowth through the implant holes was studied in the cancellous bone of the distal rabbit femur. Twelve weeks after implantation, detailed analysis of bone ingrowth was performed with computerized image analysis of backscattered electron imaging techniques of scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that the amount of ingrown new bone was independent of the pore size and implant thickness. The median value for bone ingrowth varied between 64 and 78%. A striking feature was the formation of secondary osteonal structures even in the smallest holes. Based on these results, there is no threshold value for new bone ingrowth in pore sizes ranging from 50 to 125 microm under non-load-bearing conditions.

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Section: Methods Of Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pore diameter of more than 100 μm is not requisite for bone ingrowth in rabbits

Itälä

Ylänen

Ekholm

et al. 2001

J. Biomed. Mater. Res.

Self Cite

338

127

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“…We studied three different bioactive glass compositions (13‐93, 1‐98, and 3‐98; Table I). Glasses 1‐98 and 3‐98 were modified from glass 13‐93, which has previously been used in the field of bioactive glass research 13, 15, 16, 23. In glass 1‐98, the P 2 O 5 was decreased from 4 to 2 wt %, and 1 wt % B 2 O 3 was added to compare the composition of glass 13‐93.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To meet the different demands of clinical needs, an interesting advantage of bioactive glasses is that their reactivity can be adjusted by choice of glass composition, as shown in in vitro and in vivo studies 2, 13–15. Furthermore, in the context of these properties of bioactive glasses, it has been shown that with porous bioactive glass implants, it is possible to achieve significantly enhanced, new bone ingrowth compared to similar porous titanium implants 16…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biologic significance of surface microroughing in bone incorporation of porous bioactive glass implants

Itälä

Koort

Ylänen

et al. 2003

J Biomedical Materials Res

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A novel chemical etching method was recently developed to create a controlled microrough surface on porous bioactive glass implants. Our earlier in vitro studies showed enhanced attachment of osteoblast-like MG63 cells on a microrough bioactive glass surface. The purpose of our current study was to confirm the in vivo significance of surface microroughening for bone bonding of bioactive glass. Porous bioactive glass cones made of sintered microspheres were surgically implanted in the anterior cortex of rabbit femurs. Peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT), biomechanical push-out testing, histomorphometry, and electron microscopy (BEI-SEM) were used to analyze bone ingrowth and osseointegration at 7, 10, 14, 28, 56, and 84 days after implantation. The results showed that microroughening of the bioactive glass surface significantly enhanced the bone-bonding response of the biomaterial. The positive response was seen in one of the three bioactive glass compositions studied. The affinity index of new bone on the glass surface was significantly (p = 0.02) increased with a trend (p = 0.10) toward improved mechanical incorporation. New bone formation was dependent on the glass composition, and it was found to occur not only through the mechanism of bone ingrowth but also based on in situ osteogenesis within implant interstices. Based on these results, the procedure of microroughening could enhance the osteopromotive properties of certain bioactive glass compositions.

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“…Thus, staining methods such as the rhodamine method for copper can identify free copper but not the copper bound in copper proteins (2 ). Other methods, such as scanning nuclear microprobes (1 ), microPIXE (3 ), secondary ion mass spectrometry (4,5 ), laser microprobe mass analysis (6 ), energy-dispersive x-ray analysis (7)(8)(9), and electron probe x-ray microanalysis (10 ), suffer from either low precision or poor detection limits. Laser microprobe mass analysis, however, is an ideal technique for the determination of trace element distribution in biological samples.…”

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confidence: 99%

Two-Dimensional Mapping of Copper and Zinc in Liver Sections by Laser Ablation–Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry

2003

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Background: Metals are not homogeneously distributed in organ tissues. Although most mapping techniques, such as histologic staining methods, have been developed for element imaging on a subcellular level, many suffer from either low precision or poor detection limits. Therefore, small variations in elemental distribution cannot be identified. We developed a method for twodimensional mapping of trace elements to identify the influence of metabolic zonation by the liver on trace element distribution. Methods: A prepared homogeneous Certified Reference Material (CRM; LGC 7112, pig liver) was used to characterize the laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) in terms of precision. Different isotopes for copper and zinc were monitored, and the use of carbon as an internal standard was investigated to correct for differences in ablation efficiency to identify the most precise mapping technique for liver samples. Results: For the homogeneous CRM, the reproducibility of the copper and zinc signals was ϳ3-24% depending on spot size and number of pulses. When carbon was used as an internal standard, the reproducibility was improved significantly. Line scan signals over a length of 1.5 mm were more precise [relative SD (RSD), 1.6 -6.1% for copper ( 63 Cu, 65 Cu) and zinc ( 64 Zn, 66 Zn) depending on the spot size, the scanning speed, and the element]. Thin section of sheep liver achieved precisions of 27-59% (raster scan) and 9 -47% (line scan) RSD for copper, whereas the precision for zinc was significantly better: 8 -18% (raster scan) and 4 -21% (line scan) RSD. Long line scans and two-dimensional element

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Comparison of Three Methods in Evaluation of Bone Ingrowth into Porous Bioactive Glass and Titanium Implants

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Pore diameter of more than 100 μm is not requisite for bone ingrowth in rabbits

Pore diameter of more than 100 μm is not requisite for bone ingrowth in rabbits

Biologic significance of surface microroughing in bone incorporation of porous bioactive glass implants

Two-Dimensional Mapping of Copper and Zinc in Liver Sections by Laser Ablation–Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry

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