Comparison of Three Immunoassays for Detection of Antibodies to Strongyloides stercoralis

Anderson, Neil W.; Klein, Diane M.; Dornink, Sarina M.; Jespersen, Deborah J.; Kubofcik, Joseph; Nutman, Thomas B.; Merrigan, Stephen D.; Couturier, Marc Roger; Theel, Elitza S.

doi:10.1128/cvi.00041-14

Cited by 50 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…In low-middle-income countries, just as in developed nations, there is a trend for there to be a decrease in the number of [3,11,13,14,32,33,[35][36][37]43,44,61,63] IFAT, immunofluorescence antibody test; LIPS, luciferase immunoprecipitation system; NPV, negative predictive value; PPV, positive predictive value; STS, sedimentation in tube.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In recent years, a recombinant antigen named NIE (first identified in 2002) has been used to develop an ELISA test (NIE-ELISA) and a luciferase immunoprecipitation system (NIE-LIPS) [43,44]. A new commercially available, NIE-based ELISA test was recently compared with another ELISA test (SciMedx Strongyloides serology microwell ELISA, a test available for research use only) and with NIE-LIPS [37]. The last of these, which has not yet been made commercially available, was more accurate than the two commercial tests.…”

Section: Individual Diagnosis and Screeningmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Serology was also used for a survey in the elderly population of Italy, in which a surprisingly high prevalence was found in subjects with eosinophilia [35]. Different serological assays were recently evaluated [36,37], and most of them showed a sensitivity ranging from 84% to 95% in chronically infected subjects (Table 2). Specificity was also good, and reached 100% above a given cut-off, at which sensitivity remained acceptable [36].…”

Section: Prevalence Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Novel approaches to the diagnosis of Strongyloides stercoralis infection

Buonfrate

Formenti

Perandin

et al. 2015

Clinical Microbiology and Infection

185

168

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Strongyloides stercoralis differs from the other soil-transmitted helminths because it puts infected subjects at risk of a fatal syndrome (in cases of immunosuppression for medical conditions, immunosuppressant therapies, or both). Chronic strongyloidiasis is often a non-severe condition, or is sometimes even asymptomatic, but diagnosis and effective therapy are essential in order to eradicate the infection and the life-long risk involved. Therefore, diagnostic methods need to be highly sensitive. Stool microscopy and the Kato-Katz technique are commonly used in prevalence studies, but they are inadequate for S. stercoralis detection. This is probably the main reason why the global prevalence has long been underestimated. Concentration methods, the Baermann technique and Koga agar plate culture have better, but still unsatisfactory, sensitivity. Serological tests have demonstrated higher sensitivity; although some authors have concerns about their specificity, it is possible to define cut-off values over which infection is almost certain. In particular, the luciferase immunoprecipitation system technique combined with a recombinant antigen (NIE) demonstrated a specificity of almost 100%. ELISA coproantigen detection has also shown promising results, but still needs full evaluation. Molecular diagnostic methods are currently available in a few referral centres as in-house techniques. In this review, on the basis of the performance of the different diagnostic methods, we outline diagnostic strategies that could be proposed for different purposes, such as: prevalence studies in endemic areas; individual diagnosis and screening; and monitoring of cure in clinical care and clinical trials.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Individual Diagnosis and Screeningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Prevalence Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Novel approaches to the diagnosis of Strongyloides stercoralis infection

Buonfrate

Formenti

Perandin

et al. 2015

Clinical Microbiology and Infection

185

168

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“…Although the presence of antibodies does not distinguish between past and current infections, a recent report showed seroconversion in up to 80 % of treated patients [49••]. Other problems with conventional ELISA tests include cross-reactivity with other helminthic infections [48]. A coproantigen ELISA test has been developed with high sensitivities and no cross-reactivity to other helminthes [50].…”

Section: Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 98%

Infection and Hyperinfection with Strongyloides stercoralis: Clinical Presentation, Etiology of Disease, and Treatment Options

Barros

Montes

2014

Curr Trop Med Rep

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Human strongyloidiasis is a neglected global parasitic disease that affects large populations, especially in poorer regions of the world. Improved diagnostic tools, including serology and molecular tests, are demonstrating that the prevalence of infection is far higher than previously thought. Most complications arise as a consequence of delayed diagnosis, primarily due to physicians not considering this potentially lethal parasitic infection. The likelihood of developing mild chronic strongyloidiasis or hyperinfection syndrome depends on the status of the host defenses. The critical host responses controlling Strongyloides stercoralis in animal models include eosinophils, neutrophils, and antibodies. Corticosteroid treatment and human T-lymphotropic virus (HTLV)-1 infection predispose to hyperinfection in humans, but how these result in hyperinfection is poorly defined. Improved diagnostic tests and molecular epidemiology are highlighting the underappreciated burden of disease, which could be addressed with mass chemotherapy with proven effective drugs like ivermectin.

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“…Studies on the production of recombinant antigens isolated from a cDNA library prepared from the infective stage of S. stercoralis have been published by Siddiqui et al, 8 Ramachandran et al, 10 and Ravi et al 11 Thus far, the NIE recombinant protein (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/5669875) is the most promising infection marker and has been tested in an enzymelinked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). 12 The availability of more candidate diagnostic markers will be useful in developing a highly specific and sensitive serodiagnostic assay for strongyloidiasis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification and Preliminary Evaluation of a Novel Recombinant Protein for Serodiagnosis of Strongyloidiasis

Arifin

Yunus

Nolan

et al. 2018

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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is a human parasite that can cause a long-term infection. In immunosuppressed patients, strongyloidiasis may be fatal when there is overwhelming autoinfection resulting in the migration of large numbers of larvae through many organs. Definitive diagnosis is still a challenge, and a combination of symptoms, microscopic identification, and serology test results are often used to arrive at a clinical decision. However, intermittent larval excretion, low parasite burden, and occult infections are challenges with parasitological diagnosis of infection with . Meanwhile, serologic tests using immunoglobulin G and parasite antigen extract have problems of cross-reactivity with other helminthic infections. Recombinant antigen-based serodiagnosis is a good alternative to overcome the laboratory diagnostic issues. Herein, we report on the isolation of cDNA clone encoding an antigen of potential diagnostic value identified from immunoscreening of a cDNA library. The translated protein had highest similarity to immunoglobulin-binding protein 1. The recombinant antigen produced, rSs1a, was assessed using western blot and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The latter showed 96% diagnostic sensitivity and 93% specificity; thus, rSs1a has good potential for use in serodiagnosis of human strongyloidiasis.

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Comparison of Three Immunoassays for Detection of Antibodies to Strongyloides stercoralis

Cited by 50 publications

References 22 publications

Novel approaches to the diagnosis of Strongyloides stercoralis infection

Novel approaches to the diagnosis of Strongyloides stercoralis infection

Infection and Hyperinfection with Strongyloides stercoralis: Clinical Presentation, Etiology of Disease, and Treatment Options

Identification and Preliminary Evaluation of a Novel Recombinant Protein for Serodiagnosis of Strongyloidiasis

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