Comparison of three commercial media for direct identification and discrimination ofCandida species in clinical specimens

Freydière, Anne-Marie; Buchaille, L; Gille, Y.

doi:10.1007/bf02471913

Cited by 39 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The difference was statistically significant (P ϭ 0.003), and the blue staining was stronger after 24 h of culture on CAID. These results are consistent with those of other investigators (3,5,6,8). The nonpigmented C. albicans isolates usually grew as abundant cultures with confluent colonies which more often remained white on CS than on CAID.…”

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confidence: 92%

Prospective Evaluation of the New Chromogenic Medium Candida ID, in Comparison with Candiselect, for Isolation of Molds and Isolation and Presumptive Identification of Yeast Species

et al. 2002

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We conducted a prospective evaluation of Candida ID chromogenic medium (bioMérieux, Marcy l'Etoile, France) with 786 clinical specimens in comparison with Candiselect medium (Bio-Rad, Marnes la Coquette, France). Candida ID chromogenic medium identified 97.7% of Candida albicans strains; enabled presumptive identification of C. tropicalis, C. lusitaniae, C. guillermondii, and C. kefyr and better detection of yeast combinations (11.4% more often); and was more sensitive for the isolation of filamentous fungi (17.7% more often). However, Candida ID chromogenic medium appeared to be less selective vis-à-vis bacteria, with bacterial colonies sometimes pigmented blue.The increasing frequency of fungal infections is being accompanied by a diversification in the fungal species involved (2, 7). While Candida albicans is still the most commonly isolated yeast, the frequencies of isolation of non-C. albicans yeast species are steadily increasing (1). Rapid and accurate diagnosis of mycological infections is required before the appropriate treatment can be instigated. Several chromogenic media for isolation and identification of C. albicans in a single step according to the characteristic pigmentation of the colonies are available; the use of such media also makes it easier to detect yeast combinations (4). Candida ID chromogenic medium (CAID; bioMérieux, Marcy l'Etoile, France) has recently been developed and marketed for the identification of C. albicans (blue colonies) and the presumptive identification of the yeasts Candida tropicalis, Candida lusitaniae, Candida kefyr, and Candida guillermondii (pink colonies). Our aim was to make a prospective evaluation of the performance of CAID in comparison with that of Candiselect medium (CS; Bio-Rad, Marnes la Coquette, France) with clinical specimens. CS is the routine medium used in our laboratory and was considered the reference medium in this study.Seven hundred eighty-six clinical samples (192 respiratory samples, 182 urine samples, 95 stool samples, 149 samples from the mouth and nose, 68 vaginal samples, 34 catheters, 18 skin swabs, 20 peritoneal fluid samples, 28 samples from other sources) were prospectively inoculated on both CS and CAID at the same time. The plates were incubated at 35°C for 7 days and were read every 24 h. All isolates were analyzed macroscopically according to the manufacturers' recommendations and were then identified by conventional methods. The yeasts were identified on the basis of their microscopic morphologies on potato-carrot-bile medium (Bio-Rad) after 48 h at 27°C and on the basis of their physiological characteristics (Galeries Auxacolor [Bio-Rad] and, if necessary, ID 32C [bioMérieux]) and/or immunological characteristics (Bichrolatex albicans and Krusei color; Fumouze, Levallois-Perret, France). Filamentous fungi were identified on the basis of their morphological characteristics directly on the primary culture or after reinoculation at 27°C on 2% malt medium. For each medium, we noted the following parameters: number of positive cultur...

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Prospective Evaluation of the New Chromogenic Medium Candida ID, in Comparison with Candiselect, for Isolation of Molds and Isolation and Presumptive Identification of Yeast Species

et al. 2002

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“…CSAM has also been used for the detection of S. aureus nasal carriage: Laudat et al only 22 with blood agar plates. Higher-than-normal detection rates have also been described with several other chromogenic media designed for urinary tract pathogens, C. albicans, and salmonellae (1,5,10,11).…”

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Performance of the Chromogenic Medium CHROMagar Staph Aureus and the Staphychrom Coagulase Test in the Detection and Identification of Staphylococcus aureus in Clinical Specimens

et al. 2001

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CHROMagar Staph aureus (CSAM) (CHROMagar Microbiology, Paris, France) is a new chromogenic medium designed to enable detection of colonies of Staphylococcus aureus by their pink color. A total of 775 specimens were cultured in parallel on CHROMagar Staph aureus and conventional media. Among the 267 S. aureus strains recovered on at least one medium, 263 were isolated on CSAM medium (sensitivity, 98.5%), and 245 (sensitivity, 91.8%) were isolated on conventional media. The specificity of presumptive identification of S. aureus on the basis of pink colony color on CSAM medium was 97% (493 of 508). This specificity increased to 100% when coagulase detection with the Staphychrom coagulase test was added and to 98.8% when S. aureus surface components were detected by agglutination in the Pastorex Staph Plus test. Susceptibility testing of 67 S. aureus strains, performed in parallel on pink CSAM colonies and on colonies grown on blood agar, gave similar results. Thus, rapid and accurate recognition and identification of S. aureus isolates were achieved with CSAM as the primary isolation medium, followed by the staphylocoagulase Staphychrom test. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing (disk-diffusion method or ATB STAPH System) can be performed directly on pink CSAM colonies.

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“…Per the package insert for CHROMagar Candida, the product identifies C. albicans by growth as light to medium green colonies, C. tropicalis by growth as steel blue colonies accompanied by purple pigment diffusion into surrounding agar, and C. krusei by growth as large, fuzzy, rose-colored colonies with white edges, all after incubation for 48 h at 37°C. This media has been demonstrated to identify C. albicans, C. krusei, and C. tropicalis in several studies (3,(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(18)(19)(20). Recent reports have suggested that the dark green appearance of Candida dubliniensis can also be reliably distinguished from that of C. albicans (12,13,15,19).…”

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confidence: 95%

“…The colonies are sometimes accompanied by a diffusion of pigment into the surrounding agar (9). Other authors consider the media unreliable for the identification of C. glabrata (5,10,8,14,18,19).…”

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confidence: 99%

Direct Isolation of Candida spp. from Blood Cultures on the Chromogenic Medium CHROMagar Candida

et al. 2003

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CHROMagar Candida is a selective and differential chromogenic medium that has been shown to be useful for identification of Candida albicans, Candida krusei, Candida tropicalis, and perhaps Candida glabrata. Colony morphology and color have been well defined when CHROMagar Candida has been used to isolate yeast directly from clinical specimens, including stool, urine, respiratory, vaginal, oropharyngeal, and esophageal sources. Direct isolation of yeast on CHROMagar Candida from blood cultures has not been evaluated. We evaluated whether the color and colony characteristics produced by Candida spp. on CHROMagar Candida were altered when yeasts were isolated directly from blood cultures. Fifty clinical isolates of Candida were inoculated into aerobic and anaerobic blood culture bottles and incubated at 35°C in an automated blood culture system. When growth was detected, an aliquot was removed and plated onto CHROMagar Candida. As a control, CHROMagar Candida plates were inoculated with the same isolate of yeast grown on Sabouraud dextrose agar simultaneously. No significant difference was detected in color or colony morphology between the blood and control isolates in any of the tested organisms. All C. albicans (n ‫؍‬ 12), C. tropicalis (n ‫؍‬ 12), C. glabrata (n ‫؍‬ 9), and C. krusei (n ‫؍‬ 5) isolates exhibited the expected species-specific colony characteristics and color, whether isolated directly from blood or from control cultures. CHROMagar Candida can be reliably used for direct isolation of yeast from blood cultures. Direct isolation could allow mycology laboratories to more rapidly identify Candida spp., enable clinicians to more quickly make antifungal agent selections, and potentially decrease patient morbidity and mortality.

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Comparison of three commercial media for direct identification and discrimination ofCandida species in clinical specimens

Cited by 39 publications

References 13 publications

Prospective Evaluation of the New Chromogenic Medium Candida ID, in Comparison with Candiselect, for Isolation of Molds and Isolation and Presumptive Identification of Yeast Species

Prospective Evaluation of the New Chromogenic Medium Candida ID, in Comparison with Candiselect, for Isolation of Molds and Isolation and Presumptive Identification of Yeast Species

Performance of the Chromogenic Medium CHROMagar Staph Aureus and the Staphychrom Coagulase Test in the Detection and Identification of Staphylococcus aureus in Clinical Specimens

Direct Isolation of Candida spp. from Blood Cultures on the Chromogenic Medium CHROMagar Candida

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