Comparison of thermomechanical properties of statistical, gradient and block copolymers of isobornyl acrylate and n-butyl acrylate with various acrylate homopolymers

Jakubowski, Wojciech; Juhari, Azhar; Best, A.; Koynov, Kaloian; Pakuła, Tadeusz; Matyjaszewski, Krzysztof

doi:10.1016/j.polymer.2008.01.047

Cited by 85 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…[ 3 ] Resulting from this unique architecture based on copolymer composition, gradient copolymers may exhibit special interfacial phase behaviors, increased critical micelle concentrations, reeling-in micelle effects, and broadened glass transition temperatures ( T g ). [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13] The degree to which these properties occur may be tuned by the specifi c composition of monomers and gradient quality. These rare properties suggested the use of gradient copolymers as polymer blend compatibilizers, additives for sound and vibration dampening, and stabilizers for emulsions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring Quality in Gradient Copolymers

Elsen

et al. 2013

Macromol. Rapid Commun.

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Quality of gradient copolymers is evaluated by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and correlated with molecular weight distribution (MWD) values. ARGET ATRP is employed with decreasing levels of catalyst concentrations to generate copolymers with increasing M¯w/M¯n values. The copolymers are transformed into molecular bottlebrushes to enable imaging and analysis of individual molecules by AFM. The average height (cross-sectional) profile of all bottlebrushes agrees with the instantaneous composition (ICHEMA-TMS ) of the analogous copolymer backbone, as determined by (1) H NMR. The copolymer synthesized with 500 ppm of catalyst exhibits more narrow distributions of both brush height and backbone length when analyzed as a bottlebrush by AFM. Correspondingly, the copolymers synthesized with lower catalyst concentrations yield bottlebrushes with broader height and length distribution. These results establish MWD values as an excellent trait to assess quality within gradient copolymers.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring Quality in Gradient Copolymers

Elsen

et al. 2013

Macromol. Rapid Commun.

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“…Gradient copolymers are copolymers in which the instantaneous composition of the polymer changes continuously from one end of the chain to the other 1, 2. As a novel type of chain microstructures, synthesis of gradient copolymers, and evaluation of their materials properties have received increasing interest recently 3–8. Both theoretical and experimental investigations have suggested that the composition distribution along chain can be an important microstructural parameter for fine‐tuning nanomorphologies and thus physical and functional properties of polymer materials 9–14.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of gradient copolymers with simultaneously tailor‐made chain composition distribution and glass transition temperature by semibatch ATRP: From modeling to application

Zhou

Luo

2012

J. Polym. Sci. A Polym. Chem.

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Recent studies have demonstrated that gradient copolymers exhibit unique thermal properties. Although these properties can be determined by copolymer composition, other factors such as chain and sequence lengths and their distributions can also influence them. Accordingly, the synthesis of gradient copolymers requires simultaneously tailor-made chain structure and thermal properties. In this work, we carried out a systematic study on the preparation of poly(methyl methacrylate-grad-2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) [poly(MMA-grad-HEMA)] with synchronously tailor-made chain composition distribution and glass transition temperature (Tg) through semibatch atom transfer radical polymerization. First, a comprehensive model for simultaneously predicting gradient copolymer microstructure and Tg was presented using the concept of pseudo-kinetic rate coefficients and Johnston equation. The model was validated by comparing simulation results with the classical reference data. Furthermore, the model was used to guide the experimental synthesis of the poly(MMA-grad-HEMA) gradient copolymers potentially as excellent damping material. The thermal properties of these gradient copolymer samples were evaluated. (c) 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2012National Natural Science Foundation of China [20406016, 21076171

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“…Nevertheless, the results from Table 1 (entries 3 and 3*) show that the experimental number average molar masses are much higher than the targeted value ( f = 0.4 at 98% of conversion) and the molar mass distributions (MMDs) are broad (PDI = 1.5 and 2.6 at 55% and 98% of conversion, respectively). This suggests that the catalytic system based on GC1 and ethyl 2‐chloropropionate is less efficient than the one based on Cu‐based complex and a brominated‐initiator 24–26. However, as our objective is to associate ATRP with ROMP using only GC1 as initiator and catalyst, we opted in this work for chlorinated initiator.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perioperative chemotherapy for urothelial cancer

Dorff

Quinn

2009

Cancer

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In the beginning, the concept of adjuvant chemotherapy after surgery or other localized treatment modality was met with skepticism, especially among surgeons. Slowly, with earnest work from many-but notably the Milan Group in breast cancer; the National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project in colon cancer; and the International Adjuvant Lung Cancer Trial Collaborative Group, the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG), and others in lung cancer-a 4% to50% reduction in the risk of cancer recurrence was demonstrated with adjuvant, systemic therapy after surgery in patients who were stratified based on historic criteria and categorized as being at elevated risk of recurrence.1-3 Consequently, adjuvant therapy is now standard for patients with these cancers. Progress in defining the role of neoadjuvant, adjuvant, or adjunctive systemic therapies in genitourinary cancer has been uneven. The use of adjuvant chemotherapy in the most chemosensitive tumor, testicular cancer, has been well studied to the point that success against the cancer is almost universal. The goal now is not to over treat patients and expose too many to chemotherapy-associated morbidity with the use of risk-adapted surveillance strategies based on pathologic and serum marker criteria. In prostate cancer, adjuvant androgen deprivation is a standard of care for patients who have lymph node metastases at radical prostatectomy, whereas adjuvant radiation has benefit for patients with extracapsular extension, and adjunctive androgen deprivation is a standard for patients with high-risk, localized disease who receive radiation therapy as their primary treatment. The potential role of perioperative chemotherapy in prostate cancer is unclear. Renal cell cancer has suffered from a lack of drugs that are suitable for use in the adjuvant setting until the recent advent of agents targeting the vascular endothelial growth factor pathways.One of the great paradoxes of modern genitourinary cancer therapeutics is the relative lack of benefit for chemotherapy in the adjunctive setting for patients with bladder cancer who either undergo surgery or receive radiation. In advanced transitional-cell urothelial cancer, cisplatin-based chemotherapy has a response rate in excess of 45%, albeit with limited durability in many patients. 4 Concurrent cisplatin

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Comparison of thermomechanical properties of statistical, gradient and block copolymers of isobornyl acrylate and n-butyl acrylate with various acrylate homopolymers

Cited by 85 publications

References 58 publications

Exploring Quality in Gradient Copolymers

Exploring Quality in Gradient Copolymers

Synthesis of gradient copolymers with simultaneously tailor‐made chain composition distribution and glass transition temperature by semibatch ATRP: From modeling to application

Perioperative chemotherapy for urothelial cancer

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