Comparison of the X and Y Chromosome Organization in Silene latifolia

Žlůvová, Jitka; Janoušek, Bohuslav; Negrutiu, Ioan; Vyskot, Boris

doi:10.1534/genetics.105.040444

Cited by 44 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The existence of these transitional states implies that alleles causing male sterility and female sterility occur at separate loci [78]. This scenario also derives empirical support from the dioecious flowering plants Silene latifolia, Fragaria virginiana and Sagittaria latifolia [19,80,81]. These three plants possess heteromorphic sex chromosomes in which the non-recombining region of the Y chromosome contains separate factors for male fertility and female sterility.…”

Section: Initial Establishment Of the Non-recombining Regionmentioning

confidence: 93%

No amicable divorce? Challenging the notion that sexual antagonism drives sex chromosome evolution

Ironside¹

2010

BioEssays

116

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Ironside, J. E. (2010). No amicable divorce? Challenging the notion that sexual antagonism drives sex chromosome evolution. Bioessays, 32, (8), 718-726. IMPF: 04.47 RONO: 00Although sexual antagonism may have played a role in forming some sex chromosome systems, there appears to be little empirical or theoretical justification in assuming that it is the driving force in all cases of sex chromosome evolution. In many species, sex chromosomes have diverged in size and shape through the accumulation of mutations in regions of suppressed recombination. It is commonly assumed that recombination is suppressed in sex chromosomes due to selection to resolve sexually antagonistic pleiotropy. However, the requirement for a sex chromosome-specific mechanism for suppressing recombination is questionable, since more general models of recombination suppression on autosomes also appear to be applicable to sex chromosomes. Direct tests of the predictions of the sexual antagonism hypothesis offer only limited support in specific sex chromosome systems and circumstantial evidence remains open to interpretation.Peer reviewe

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Section: Initial Establishment Of the Non-recombining Regionmentioning

confidence: 93%

No amicable divorce? Challenging the notion that sexual antagonism drives sex chromosome evolution

Ironside¹

2010

BioEssays

116

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“…A young sex chromosome system in which genetic mapping is possible offers opportunities for testing for such genetic variants, which have not yet been identified in any organism; studies in Silene have a promise for finding such genes. Mammalian Y chromosomes are rearranged, and do not permit inferences about whether non-recombining regions evolved through inversions suppressing recombination, but data in Silene are suggesting that inversions alone are not responsible (Zluvova et al, 2005;Bergero et al, 2008).…”

Section: Sex Chromosome Evolutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Silene as a model system in ecology and evolution

et al. 2009

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The genus Silene, studied by Darwin, Mendel and other early scientists, is re-emerging as a system for studying interrelated questions in ecology, evolution and developmental biology. These questions include sex chromosome evolution, epigenetic control of sex expression, genomic conflict and speciation. Its well-studied interactions with the pathogen Microbotryum has made Silene a model for the evolution and dynamics of disease in natural systems, and its interactions with herbivores have increased our understanding of multi-trophic ecological processes and the evolution of invasiveness. Molecular tools are now providing new approaches to many of these classical yet unresolved problems, and new progress is being made through combining phylogenetic, genomic and molecular evolutionary studies with ecological and phenotypic data. The model role of a non-model organismThe genus Silene (Caryophyllaceae), with a tradition of genetical and ecological studies dating back to Mendel and Darwin, has remarkably many interesting features. First, the species in the genus vary widely in their breeding systems and ecology. Second, several members of this mainly holarctic genus can be easily bred, and have short life cycles, and are thus convenient for experimental and field studies. Genomic resources are now becoming increasingly available in Silene, making genetic, quantitative genetic and molecular studies possible. A strength of Silene as a model system, compared with many classical model organisms, is that researchers can rely on a large number of ecological studies encompassing biotic interactions with sexually transmitted fungi, pollinators and herbivores. It is the wealth of ecological and other earlier knowledge that makes the genus Silene important for studying many biological questions, including the suppression of recombination during sex chromosome evolution, sexually antagonistic selection in an organism that is not an animal, epigenetic processes in flower development, speciation and reproductive isolation, multi-trophic interactions, disease ecology and biological invasions.Thanks to the classical genetic and ecological work on Silene, new progress can now be made in studying some of these important unresolved questions in biology with the aid of modern molecular tools. That new model systems with accessible and well-studied ecology open fruitful avenues for investigation is illustrated also by Mimulus (Wu et al., 2008) and the ongoing efforts to develop genomic resources in an increasing number of different systems. In the following, we outline the unique features of the Silene system, and describe active research areas and future directions, highlighting new advances and work in progress. Evolution of sexual systemsPlants show remarkable diversity in their sexual and mating systems, ranging from hermaphroditism to dioecy, from self-incompatible hermaphroditism to hermaphroditism in which individuals possess a capacity to self-fertilize, but which often show complex mechanisms to promote outcrossing (Darwin, 18...

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“…The initiating mechanisms of recombination suppression are not yet clear, though some models based on epigenetic silencing (Jablonka, 2004) or inversions (Lahn and Page, 1999) have been proposed. Zluvova et al (2005) suggested that the inversion on the Y chromosome of Silene latifolia is a consequence of recombination arrest as opposed to its cause. In addition, non-recombining regions may expand through the accumulation of repetitive DNA sequences (Charlesworth, 1991), which often form heterochromatin.…”

Section: Sex Chromosomes: Special Parts Of Genomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of repetitive DNA in structure and evolution of sex chromosomes in plants

et al. 2009

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Eukaryotic genomes contain a large proportion of repetitive DNA sequences, mostly transposable elements (TEs) and tandem repeats. These repetitive sequences often colonize specific chromosomal (Y or W chromosomes, B chromosomes) or subchromosomal (telomeres, centromeres) niches. Sex chromosomes, especially non-recombining regions of the Y chromosome, are subject to different evolutionary forces compared with autosomes. In nonrecombining regions of the Y chromosome repetitive DNA sequences are accumulated, representing a dominant and early process forming the Y chromosome, probably before genes start to degenerate. Here we review the occurrence and role of repetitive DNA in Y chromosome evolution in various species with a focus on dioecious plants. We also discuss the potential link between recombination and transposition in shaping genomes.

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Comparison of the X and Y Chromosome Organization in Silene latifolia

Cited by 44 publications

References 20 publications

No amicable divorce? Challenging the notion that sexual antagonism drives sex chromosome evolution

No amicable divorce? Challenging the notion that sexual antagonism drives sex chromosome evolution

Silene as a model system in ecology and evolution

The role of repetitive DNA in structure and evolution of sex chromosomes in plants

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