Comparison of the virulence of exopolysaccharide-producing Prevotella intermedia to exopolysaccharide non-producing periodontopathic organisms

Yamanaka, Takeshi; Yamane, Kazuyoshi; Furukawa, Tomoyo; Matsumoto-Mashimo, Chiho; Sugimori, Chieko; Nambu, Takayuki; Obata, Noboru; Walker, Clay; Leung, Kai P.; Fukushima, Hajime

doi:10.1186/1471-2334-11-228

Cited by 29 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Exopolysaccharides are an essential part of the biofilm matrix (Flemming & Wingender, 2010) and failure to produce exopolysaccharides results in a biofilm formation defect in several bacterial species (Yildiz & Schoolnik, 1999; Koo et al. , 2010; Yamanaka et al. , 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CcpA regulates biofilm formation and competence in Streptococcus gordonii

Zheng

Chen

Itzek

et al. 2011

Molecular Oral Microbiology

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Summary Streptococcus gordonii is an important member of the oral biofilm community. As oral commensal streptococci, S. gordonii is considered beneficial in promoting biofilm homeostasis. CcpA is known as central regulator of carbon catabolite repression in Gram-positive bacteria and is also involved in the control of virulence gene expression. To further establish the role of CcpA as central regulator in S. gordonii, the effect of CcpA on biofilm formation and natural competence of S. gordonii was investigated. These phenotypic traits have been suggested to be important to oral streptococci in coping with environmental stress. Here we demonstrate that a CcpA mutant was severely impaired in its biofilm forming ability, showed a defect in extracellular polysaccharide production and reduced competence. The data suggest that CcpA is involved in the regulation of biofilm formation and competence development in S. gordonii.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CcpA regulates biofilm formation and competence in Streptococcus gordonii

Zheng

Chen

Itzek

et al. 2011

Molecular Oral Microbiology

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“…The ability to produce a biofilm results in enhanced resistance to host defense factors and antimicrobials and is being increasingly recognized as an important virulence property 86 , 87 . Even in the absence of a foreign body, biofilm formation has been shown to be a factor in closed-space infections 88 - 90 . In vitro studies have established that cKP strains are able to produce biofilm, with type 3 fimbriae, 91 , 92 CP and LPS, 93 , 94 amino acid synthesis genes, 95 L -arabinose metabolism, 95 sugar phosphotransferase systems, 94 the type 2 quorum sensing regulatory system, 94 the Lys-R-type regulator oxyR 96 and a putative cell surface protein 95 identified as contributory factors.…”

Section: Pathogenesis Of Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypervirulent (hypermucoviscous)Klebsiella pneumoniae

2013

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A new hypervirulent (hypermucoviscous) variant of Klebsiella pneumoniae has emerged. First described in the Asian Pacific Rim, it now increasingly recognized in Western countries. Defining clinical features are the ability to cause serious, life-threatening community-acquired infection in younger healthy hosts, including liver abscess, pneumonia, meningitis and endophthalmitis and the ability to metastatically spread, an unusual feature for enteric Gram-negative bacilli in the non-immunocompromised. Despite infecting a healthier population, significant morbidity and mortality occurs. Although epidemiologic features are still being defined, colonization, particularly intestinal colonization, appears to be a critical step leading to infection. However the route of entry remains unclear. The majority of cases described to date are in Asians, raising the issue of a genetic predisposition vs. geospecific strain acquisition. The traits that enhance its virulence when compared with “classical” K. pneumoniae are the ability to more efficiently acquire iron and perhaps an increase in capsule production, which confers the hypermucoviscous phenotype. An objective diagnostic test suitable for routine use in the clinical microbiology laboratory is needed. If/when these strains become increasingly resistant to antimicrobials, we will be faced with a frightening clinical scenario.

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“…EPS is the primary matrix material of biofilm, and viscosity of culture supernatant is an indication of the relative amount of EPS production in the culture (35,37,38). Yamanaka et al (39,40) reported that clinical isolates of P. intermedia designated strain 17 and strain OD1-16 produced mannose-rich EPSs, as revealed by the increased viscosity of the spent culture media. In contrast, the viscosity of the spent culture media of non-biofilm-forming bacteria, including P. intermedia ATCC 25611 and several P. gingivalis strains, was similar to that of the control medium without bacterial inoculation (40).…”

Section: Effect Of Polyp3 Against Planktonic P Intermedia Atcc 4906mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Yamanaka et al (39,40) reported that clinical isolates of P. intermedia designated strain 17 and strain OD1-16 produced mannose-rich EPSs, as revealed by the increased viscosity of the spent culture media. In contrast, the viscosity of the spent culture media of non-biofilm-forming bacteria, including P. intermedia ATCC 25611 and several P. gingivalis strains, was similar to that of the control medium without bacterial inoculation (40). As observed in our previous study (36), the viscosity of the spent culture medium of P. intermedia ATCC 49046 was significantly increased, at 1.31 Ϯ 0.012 mPa · s, compared to that of the control B-HK medium without bacterial inoculation after 48 h of incubation.…”

Section: Effect Of Polyp3 Against Planktonic P Intermedia Atcc 4906mentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vitro Effects of Polyphosphate against Prevotella intermedia in Planktonic Phase and Biofilm

Jang

Kim

Noh

et al. 2016

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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c Polyphosphate (polyP) has gained a wide interest in the food industry due to its potential as a decontaminating agent. In this study, we examined the effect of sodium tripolyphosphate (polyP3; Na 5 P 3 O 10 ) against planktonic and biofilm cells of Prevotella intermedia, a major oral pathogen. The MIC of polyP3 against P. intermedia ATCC 49046 determined by agar dilution method was 0.075%, while 0.05% polyP3 was bactericidal against P. intermedia in time-kill analysis performed using liquid medium. A crystal violet binding assay for the assessment of biofilm formation by P. intermedia showed that sub-MICs of polyP3 significantly decreased biofilm formation. Under the scanning electron microscope, decreased numbers of P. intermedia cells forming the biofilms were observed when the bacterial cells were incubated with 0.025% or higher concentrations of polyP3. Assessment of biofilm viability with LIVE/DEAD staining and viable cell count methods showed that 0.05% or higher concentrations of polyP3 significantly decreased the viability of the preformed biofilms in a concentration-dependent manner. The zone sizes of alpha-hemolysis formed on horse blood agar produced by P. intermedia were decreased in the presence of polyP3. The expression of the genes encoding hemolysins and the genes of the hemin uptake (hmu) locus was downregulated by polyP3. Collectively, our results show that polyP is an effective antimicrobial agent against P. intermedia in biofilms as well as planktonic phase, interfering with the process of hemin acquisition by the bacterium. P revotella intermedia is a black-pigmented anaerobic Gramnegative bacterium which has long been known to be associated with oral diseases, such as chronic periodontitis (1-3), aggressive periodontitis (4-6), puberty-associated gingivitis, acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis (7,8), periapical periodontitis (9, 10), and noma (an acute gangrenous disease) (11, 12). Besides being involved in oral diseases, P. intermedia has also been reported to be associated with various systemic diseases, such as cystic fibrosis, chronic bronchitis (13-15), and atherosclerosis (16). Difficulty in controlling the bacterium has been attributed to resistance of P. intermedia to many antibiotics, including penicillins, cephalosporins, and tetracyclines (17, 18). Moreover, P. intermedia cells form a biofilm in which the bacterial cells become more resistant to antibiotics (19). Because biofilm can serve as a reservoir of antibiotic resistance (20), it is of clinical significance to develop alternative antimicrobial approaches for controlling antibiotic-resistant P. intermedia.Inorganic polyphosphate (polyP) is a chain of few or many hundreds of phosphate (P i ) residues linked by high-energy phosphoanhydride (21). Intracellular polyP found in bacteria is considered a virulence factor since it performs various functions, such as serving as an ATP source and substitute, a regulator of the intracellular levels of metal ions, a channel for DNA entry, and a regulator that contributes to bacter...

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Comparison of the virulence of exopolysaccharide-producing Prevotella intermedia to exopolysaccharide non-producing periodontopathic organisms

Cited by 29 publications

References 45 publications

CcpA regulates biofilm formation and competence in Streptococcus gordonii

CcpA regulates biofilm formation and competence in Streptococcus gordonii

Hypervirulent (hypermucoviscous)Klebsiella pneumoniae

In Vitro Effects of Polyphosphate against Prevotella intermedia in Planktonic Phase and Biofilm

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