Comparison of the Video Game Functional Assessment-Revised (VGFA-R) and Internet Gaming Disorder Test (IGD-20)

Abstract

Initially labeled as internet addiction in the mid-1990s (e.g., Griffiths, 1996 ; Young, 1996 ), researchers have since focused on how specific online activities result in negative consequences for those who overuse and have problems with online applications such as online gambling and online sex ( Griffiths, 2000 ; Potenza, 2017 ). More recently, this has been applied to online problematic video game play, often used synonymously with terms such as online video game addiction, online gaming addiction, and Internet gaming disorder (IGD). With the publication of the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5; American Psychiatric Association [APA], 2013 ), IGD was identified by the APA as warranting further study. The current proposed diagnostic criterion in the DSM-5 requires the presence of five of nine symptoms over a 12-month period. These include: (a) preoccupation or obsession with Internet games, (b) withdrawal symptoms when not playing Internet games, (c) an increasing need over time to spend more and more time playing video games, (d) failed attempts to stop or curb Internet gaming, (e) loss of interest in other activities such as hobbies, (f) continued overuse of Internet games even with knowledge of the impact of overuse on their life, (g) lying about extent of Internet game usage, (h) uses Internet games to relieve anxiety or guilt, and (i) has lost or put at risk an opportunity or relationship because of Internet games ( American Psychiatric Association [APA], 2013 ). However, it is unclear if the disorder represents addiction to the internet or if IGD evaluates specific behaviors occurring within the context of the video gaming ( Starcevic and Billieux, 2017 ; Young and Brand, 2017 ).

Psychopathological Symptoms and Gaming Motives in Disordered Gaming—A Psychometric Comparison between the WHO and APA Diagnostic Frameworks

“…In terms of potential clinical implications capable of informing emerging prevention and treatment policies, the present study substantiates the notion that gaming motives play an important role in the clinical assessment of GD and that assessing underlying gaming motives should be an inherent aspect of the assessment of GD behaviors due to its implication in the etiology, clinical course and treatment of GD as has been previously suggested [51,72]. In line with previous studies, the findings obtained suggest that in the context of treatment, it is essential that the clinician focuses on the motives driving their clients to engage in disordered gaming behaviors as opposed to focusing on the time they spend gaming as time spent gaming can be better used as a tool to evaluate the clients’ progress in the therapy and as an indication of the self-control exercised by the clients over disordered gaming [73].…”

Gaming and Gaming Disorder: A Mediation Model Gender, Salience, Age of Gaming Onset, and Time Spent Gaming

“…Therefore, the present study examined the impact of behavioral motivation utilizing the Video Game Functional Assessment-Revised (VGFA-R 18 ) in relation to duration of time impact of hours of play, gender, and the risk of IGD utilizing the IGDT-20. Based on previous research 5,19 it was hypothesized that females would have higher levels of attention-maintained behavioral motivation, while males would have higher escape-maintained behavioral motivation.…”

Influencia del género en los factores de trastornos del juego

“…El IGD está incluido en el Manual de Diagnóstico y Estadístico de los Trastornos Mentales, Quinta Edición (DSM-5) (American Psychiatric Association, 2018), que integra los criterios de su diagnóstico (Cai et al, 2016;Fuster et al, 2016;Jo et al, 2019;Shin et al, 2019;Zajac, Ginley y Chang, 2019), en los que hay nueve criterios de básicos (Müller et al, 2019) y cinco criterios de corte (Kim et al, 2016;Sprong et al, 2019). Además, está incluido en la undécima revisión final de la Clasificación Internacional de Enfermedades (CIE-11), entendiéndose como un código de diagnóstico (Jo et al, 2019;Wartberg, Kriston & Thomasius, 2020), siendo reconocido por primera vez en mayo de 2013 (Ji, Hsieh & Hsiao, 2016).…”

“…No hay gran cantidad de investigaciones sobre los mecanismos de desarrollo y los procesos que conducen al trastorno (Throuvala et al, 2019). Sigue sin estar claro (Paulus et al, 2018) si dicho trastorno representa una adicción a Internet o si evalúa conductas específicas que se producen en el contexto de los videojuegos (Sprong et al, 2019).…”