Comparison of the Vegetative and Reproductive Characteristics of Traditional Olive Cultivars and Selected Low Vigorous Accessions in Central Italy

Pannelli, Giorgio; Volpe, D.; Preziosi, P.; Famiani, Franco

doi:10.17660/actahortic.1994.356.27

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…The olive varieties cultivated in the area are mainly Leccino and Frantoio, along with Moraiolo and other local cultivars such as Dolce Agogia, San Felice, and Rajo. The olive groves were uniformly planted at the end of the 1980s on the sloping hills (5‐ by 5‐m layout) (Tombesi, 1997; Pannelli et al, 1994).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Yield Forecasting for Olive Trees: A New Approach in a Historical Series (Umbria, Central Italy)

2005

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another development in crop forecasting techniques, used particularly with long-term data series. This too In recent years, the relationship between flowering and fruit prohas performed well for herbaceous species in which the duction was studied and evaluated in several wind-pollinated species. In olive (Olea europaea L.), the pollen-monitoring technique was incidence of technical evolution (fertilization, genetic introduced to determine pollen indexes as indicators of flowering, selection) seems to be more strongly correlated. evaluating in some cases the predictive role of the variable. Recently, In the 1990s, the relationship between flowering and to investigate the reproductive efficiency, the Pollen Index (calculated fruit production was studied, and pollen was introduced during the entire flowering period) was replaced by the pollen emisas one of the variables. Pollen was monitored in the sions during the effective pollination period (EPP). In this study, in atmosphere during the entire flowering period of grape particular, an EPP elaborated (EPPe) value was derived from the (Vitis vinifera L.) and olive, which are totally or partially EPP values and the average values of the meteorological variables. anemophilous species. The flowering event can be con-The regression analysis, considering winter chill accumulation, sumsidered to be a source of historical information regardmer sums of minimum temperatures, and the EPPe, confirmed the strong relationship among meteorological variables, pollen emission, ing the vegetative and reproductive processes that lead and final production in our study areas. This study has shown the to the formation of the flower apparatus and the actual need to use pollen data obtained from aerobiological monitoring in reproductive phases of fruit formation. Some studies harvest-forecasting models in anemophilous plants such as olive. In have shown how the pollination is related to production particular, in the statistical models, pollen provides a synthesis of the (Cour and Van Campo, 1980; Besselat and Cour, 1990; historical information of the entire biological-reproductive cycle of the Candau et al., 1998) with the simultaneous use of cliplant while meteorological trends interpret the incidental phenomena. matic-type explicative variables. Recent studies have used the so-called annual Pollen Index as an indicator of flowering (Fornaciari et al.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Yield Forecasting for Olive Trees: A New Approach in a Historical Series (Umbria, Central Italy)

2005

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“…More recently, clonal rootstocks have been selected with high rooting ability and ability to control scion vigor (Baldoni and Fontanazza, 1990) and many accessions, particularly for small tree size are under observation (Pannelli et al, 1993). The criteria for the selection of rootstocks include good rooting potential, control of scion vigor, resistance to drought, saline and heavy soils, resistance to root diseases, and graft compatibility with the scion.…”

Section: Traditional Breeding: Objectives; Tools and Strategies; Achimentioning

confidence: 99%

Olive

Rugini

Gutiérrez-Pesce

Muleo

2008

Compendium of Transgenic Crop Plants

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Biochemical and molecular procedures have been developed for olive genotyping, for taxonomy between cultivated and wild olives, for phylogenetic studies of cultivars, and for identification of usable markers linked to the most important agronomic traits, such as size of the tree, flowering induction, apical dominance, productivity, self‐fertility, quantity and quality of oil and secondary products of fruit, biotic and abiotic resistance. These characters could be introgressed into cultivars by conventional breeding or through transgeny. Successful results by classical breeding are difficult to obtain due to the different flower fertility and the long juvenile period of the progenies. The low efficiency of modern genetic improvement techniques suggests that genetic transformation techniques could speed up the development of new genotypes; however, the development of efficient regeneration methods from mature tissue is the limiting factor for applying this technology, in olive. Transgenic olive plants with modified growth habit and putative induced disease resistance are under filed conditions to test their phenotype. Other attempts of genetic improvement such as clonal selection, mutation through γ‐irradiation, protoplast technology, haploid, changes in ploidy level, somaclonal variation, and somatic hybridization are discussed and reviewed.

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“…The main long-term problem presented by this system lies in controlling the tree size, to enable efficient harvesting by the machine and to ensure illumination of the canopy cropping area (De la Rosa et al, 2007). The main strategy used for confronting excess vigor is based on selection for low-vigor cultivars (Panelli et al, 1994;Dag et al, 2006;De la Rosa, 2007, Rallo et al, 2008Tous et al, 2008). Although low-vigor rootstocks have been developed for deciduous species such as apple and pear (Webster, 2001;Stern and Doron, 2009), they have not yet been fully developed for olive (Baldoni and Fontanazza, 1990;Pastor et al, 2007;Trifilio et al, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Suppression of Olive (<i>Olea europaea</i> L.) tree growth by uniconazole in high-density orchards

Schneider¹,

Martin²,

Birger³

et al. 2011

Israel Journal of Plant Sciences

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High-density olive orchards (1000-3000 trees/ha) allow use of the continuous straddle harvester that rides over the tree canopy, and enables very low harvesting and labor costs. However, tree size must be controlled, to enable the harvesting machine to pass over the hedgerow, and also to ensure light penetration into the tree canopy. High-density-planted 'Picholine' and 'Koroneiki' olive trees, aged 5 to 6 years, were treated with the gibberellin biosynthesis inhibitor uniconazole for two consecutive years to reduce their growth rates. Two methods of uniconazole application were used: soil application at 0.1 or 0.2 g/tree, and foliar sprays at 0.75 and 1.5 g/tree. The soil treatments reduced trunk-width increment and tree height in both cultivars as soon as the end of the first year, whereas foliar treatments failed to affect these parameters. In both cultivars, neither application influenced shoot or leaf development in the first year of the experiment, but 'Koroneiki' shoot elongation was inhibited by both applications in the second year. Taking into account all the measured parameters, it was concluded that soil application of uniconazole could be used to control olive tree size in high-density orchards.

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Comparison of the Vegetative and Reproductive Characteristics of Traditional Olive Cultivars and Selected Low Vigorous Accessions in Central Italy

Cited by 8 publications

References 0 publications

Yield Forecasting for Olive Trees: A New Approach in a Historical Series (Umbria, Central Italy)

Yield Forecasting for Olive Trees: A New Approach in a Historical Series (Umbria, Central Italy)

Olive

Suppression of Olive (<i>Olea europaea</i> L.) tree growth by uniconazole in high-density orchards

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