Comparison of the size and morphology of UHMWPE wear debris produced by a hip joint simulator under serum and water lubricated conditions

Wang, A.; Essner, Aaron; Stark, C.; Dumbleton, J. H.

doi:10.1016/0142-9612(96)83281-9

Cited by 104 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…A more recent study which wear tested UHMWPE pins against CoCr plates in the presence of 13 different lubricants [9] found that only an egg white based lubricant gave wear factors which were statistically similar to those given by dilute bovine serum. It has been argued for some time that bovine serum serves as a boundary lubricant to prevent a transfer film being formed [28]. In turn it is felt that the proteins within bovine serum allow boundary lubrication without transfer film [27].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wear Tests of a Potential Biolubricant for Orthopedic Biopolymers

et al. 2015

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Most wear testing of orthopedic implant materials is undertaken with dilute bovine serum used as the lubricant. However, dilute bovine serum is different to the synovial fluid in which natural and artificial joints must operate. As part of a search for a lubricant which more closely resembles synovial fluid, a lubricant based on a mixture of sodium alginate and gellan gum, and which aimed to match the rheology of synovial fluid, was produced. It was employed in a wear test of ultra high molecular weight polyethylene pins rubbing against a metallic counterface. The test rig applied multidirectional motion to the test pins and had previously been shown to reproduce clinically relevant wear factors for ultra high molecular weight polyethylene. After 2.4 million cycles (125 km) of sliding in the presence of the new lubricant, a mean wear factor of 0.099 × 10 −6 mm 3 /Nm was measured for the ultra high molecular weight polyethylene pins. This was over an order of magnitude less than when bovine serum was used as a lubricant. In addition, there was evidence of a transfer film on the test plates. Such transfer films are not seen clinically.The search for a lubricant more closely matching synovial fluid continues.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wear Tests of a Potential Biolubricant for Orthopedic Biopolymers

et al. 2015

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“…The first protocol, originally developed at our research center in the 1990s [8], has been widely used [24,31,46,48] and is hereinafter referred to as the NaOH protocol. Briefly, samples were digested with 5 N NaOH, layered above a sucrose density gradient, and submitted to ultracentrifugation, and the floating particles were collected on a polycarbonate (PC) filter membrane (0.01 lm) for analysis via a field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) (Supra VP-40; Zeiss, Peabody, MA, USA).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The John Charnley Award: An Accurate and Sensitive Method to Separate, Display, and Characterize Wear Debris: Part 1: Polyethylene Particles

Billi

Benya

Kavanaugh

et al. 2012

Clinical Orthopaedics &Amp; Related Research

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Background Numerous studies indicate highly crosslinked polyethylenes reduce the wear debris volume generated by hip arthroplasty acetabular liners. This, in turns, requires new methods to isolate and characterize them. Questions/purposes We describe a method for extracting polyethylene wear particles from bovine serum typically used in wear tests and for characterizing their size, distribution, and morphology.Methods Serum proteins were completely digested using an optimized enzymatic digestion method that prevented the loss of the smallest particles and minimized their clumping. Density-gradient ultracentrifugation was designed to remove contaminants and recover the particles without filtration, depositing them directly onto a silicon wafer. This provided uniform distribution of the particles and high contrast against the background, facilitating accurate, automated, morphometric image analysis. The accuracy and precision of the new protocol were assessed by recovering and characterizing particles from wear tests of three types of polyethylene acetabular cups (no crosslinking and 5 Mrads and 7.5 Mrads of gamma irradiation crosslinking). Results The new method demonstrated important differences in the particle size distributions and morphologic parameters among the three types of polyethylene that could not be detected using prior isolation methods. Conclusion The new protocol overcomes a number of limitations, such as loss of nanometer-sized particles and artifactual clumping, among others. Clinical Relevance The analysis of polyethylene wear particles produced in joint simulator wear tests of prosthetic joints is a key tool to identify the wear mechanisms that produce the particles and predict and evaluate their effects on periprosthetic tissues.

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“…In the present study we used 100% bovine serum diluted only by a chelating agent and penicillin. This bovine serum preparation has been shown to produce clinically relevant wear rates and wear mechanisms for metal-on-polyethylene articulations in hip simulators [30,31].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wear Resistance and Mechanical Properties of Highly Cross-linked, Ultrahigh–Molecular Weight Polyethylene Doped With Vitamin E

Oral

Christensen

Malhi

et al. 2006

The Journal of Arthroplasty

274

207

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Our hypothesis was that cross-linked UHMWPE stabilized with vitamin-E would be wear and fatigue resistant. Acetabular liners were radiation cross-linked, doped with vitamin E and γ-sterilized. Hip simulator wear rate of vitamin E-stabilized UHMWPE was approximately 1 and 6 mg/million-cycles in clean serum and in serum with third-body bone cement particles, respectively; a four to ten-fold decrease from that of conventional UHMWPE. The ultimate strength, yield strength, elongation-atbreak and fatigue resistance of vitamin E-stabilized UHMWPE were significantly higher than that of 100-kGy irradiated and melted UHMWPE and were unaffected by accelerated aging. Rim impingement testing with 3.7 mm-thick acetabular liners up to 2 million-cycles showed no significant damage of the cross-linked liners compared to conventional, gamma-sterilized in inert UHMWPE vitamin-E stabilized liners. The data indicate good wear properties and improved mechanical and fatigue properties for vitamin-E stabilized cross-linked UHMWPE.

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Comparison of the size and morphology of UHMWPE wear debris produced by a hip joint simulator under serum and water lubricated conditions

Cited by 104 publications

References 10 publications

Wear Tests of a Potential Biolubricant for Orthopedic Biopolymers

Wear Tests of a Potential Biolubricant for Orthopedic Biopolymers

The John Charnley Award: An Accurate and Sensitive Method to Separate, Display, and Characterize Wear Debris: Part 1: Polyethylene Particles

Wear Resistance and Mechanical Properties of Highly Cross-linked, Ultrahigh–Molecular Weight Polyethylene Doped With Vitamin E

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