Comparison of the ruminal and fecal microbiotas in beef calves supplemented or not with concentrate

Lourenço, Jeferson M.; Kieran, Troy J.; Seidel, Darren S.; Glenn, Travis C.; Silveira, Magali Floriano da; Callaway, Todd R.; Stewart, R. L.

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0231533

Cited by 57 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…However, unlike in the latter, in a fecal microbiome Actinobacteria and Firmicutes are found in significantly higher abundances, while Bacteroidetes, Fibrobacteres, and Tenericutes are underrepresented (17,18,47). Similar observations have been made with alfalfa (50) and a mix of bermudagrass and Dallisgrass (49) (Table S6). Such differences are expected as the foregut deals with heterogenous plant materials and in the hindgut undigested plant fibers are degraded (49,(72)(73)(74).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

“…However, tall fescue provided 6-10 times more Tenericutes abundance and significantly lower level of Actinobacteria than Alfalfa (Table S6) (50). The MaxQ grazing, provided up to 2-fold higher abundance of Proteobacteria compared to our KY-31 set and all above mentioned cases (49)(50)(51)(52)(53)(54)(55) (Table S6). The rumen fractions (solid and liquid, representing sessile and planktonic microbial populations) and the grazing periods (MaxQ-1, KY-31, and MaxQ-2), but not the rumen depths influenced sample clustering ( Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…At the phylum-level, the overall rumen microbiome of beef cattle grazing tall fescue MaxQ or KY-31 was most similar to those developed with Alfalfa than other diets (Table S6) (49)(50)(51)(52)(53)(54)(55)(56).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…7). There have been efforts to use the fecal microbiome as a proxy for monitoring the activities 535 in the rumen under particular diets (49,71) and ruminal conditions (50), and to identify particular 536 fecal microbes as biomarkers for fescue toxicosis (17,18,47). We compared our findings with the 537 published information on the fecal microbiome of cattle that grazed tall fescue.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…8). On the other hand, the Treponema species which were present at high levels during the MaxQ-1 grazing and had a reduced presence at the KY-31 phase, gained significant abundance in the sessile fraction with the MaxQ-2 ( There have been efforts to use the fecal microbiome as a proxy for monitoring the activities in the rumen under particular diets (49,71) and ruminal conditions (50), and to identify particular fecal microbes as biomarkers for fescue toxicosis (17,18,47). We compared our findings with the published information on the fecal microbiome of cattle that grazed tall fescue.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dominant Remodeling of Cattle Rumen Microbiome by Schedonorus arundinaceus (Tall Fescue) KY-31 Carrying a Fungal Endophyte

Khairunisa

Susanti

Loganathan

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Tall fescue KY-31 feeds ~20% of the beef cattle in the United States. It carries a fungal endophyte that produces ergovaline, which causes toxicosis in cattle, leading to $2 billion revenue loss annually. The MaxQ cultivar of the grass is non-toxic, but less attractive economically. To develop ways of mitigating the toxicity, the rumen microbiome of cattle consuming KY-31 and MaxQ have been analyzed, principally for identifying ergovaline transforming microorganisms and often using fecal microbiome as a surrogate. We have hypothesized that KY-31 not only causes toxicosis, but also impacts rumen metabolism broadly, and tested the hypothesis by analyzing rumen microbiome compositions of cattle that grazed MaxQ with an intervening KY-31 grazing period with 16S rRNA-V4 element as identifier. We found that KY-31 remodeled the cellulolytic and saccharolytic communities substantially. This effect was not evident at whole microbiome levels but in the compositions of sessile and planktonic fractions. A move from MaxQ to KY-31 lowered the Firmicutes abundance in the sessile fraction and increased it in planktonic part and caused an opposite effect for Bacteroidetes, although the total abundances of these dominant rumen organisms remained unchanged. In the sessile fraction, the abundances of Fibrobacter, which degrades less degradable fibers, and certain cellulolytic Firmicutes such as Pseudobutyrivibrio and Butyrivibrio 2, dropped, and these losses were apparently compensated by increased occurrences of Eubacterium and specific Ruminococcaceae and Lachnospiraceae. In planktonic fraction the Tenericutes’ abundance increased as saccharolytic Bacteroidetes’ level dropped. Several potential ergovaline degraders were enriched. A return to MaxQ restored the original Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes distributions. However, the Fibrobacter and Butyrivibrio 2 abundances remained low and their substitutes maintained significant presence. The rumen microbiome was influenced minimally by animals’ fescue toxicosis and was distinct from previously reported fecal microbiomes in composition. In summary, KY-31 and MaxQ cultivars of tall fescue were digested in the cattle rumen with distinct consortia and the KY-31-specific features were dominant. The study highlighted the importance of analyzing sessile and planktonic fractions separately.

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