Comparison of the Risks of Shopping Behavior and Opioid Abuse Between Tapentadol and Oxycodone and Association of Shopping Behavior and Opioid Abuse

Abstract

Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text.

Prescription opioid analgesic use in France: Trends and impact on morbidity–mortality

“…Shopping behaviour was defined as at least one day of overlapping prescriptions written by at least two different prescribers and dispensed by at least three different pharmacies. This definition was developed by Cepeda and has been applied in several previously conducted studies (Cepeda et al., , ,b, ; Delorme et al., ).…”

Incidence of tramadol shopping behavior in a retrospective cohort of chronic non-cancer pain patients in France

“…This definition has been used in previous researches. [44][45][46][47] The number of shopping episodes during the follow-up period and time to first episode of shopping behavior were also estimated.…”

“…23,24,[31][32][33][34][35] This behavior is not consistent with legal or medical guidelines [53][54][55] and meets the definition of misuse. 17,54 Interestingly, it has been shown that the index that incorporates excess dose supply and multiple prescribers and pharmacies was correlated to misuse 44,[56][57][58] and this approach appeared to be a sensitive and specific instrument for identifying opioid misusers. 45,59,60 The low rate of doctor shopping in this study is similar to the low rate of misuse reported in several studies 25,[61][62][63][64][65] where the higher reported annual incidence rate reached 0.69%.…”

Individual short‐acting opioids and the risk of opioid‐related adverse events in adolescents

“…Oxycodone prescribing has been controversial because it is one of the most frequently abused prescription opioids . Although efforts to reduce abuse have focused on the extended‐release preparations, there is evidence of considerable abuse of immediate‐release formulations …”

“…18,19 Oxycodone prescribing has been controversial because it is one of the most frequently abused prescription opioids. [20][21][22] Although efforts to reduce abuse have focused on the extended-release preparations, there is evidence of considerable abuse of immediate-release formulations. 23 However, the concerns regarding the relative safety of individual opioids in adolescents are predominantly based on mechanistic studies and case reports rather than studies of the relative occurrence of clinical outcomes.…”