Comparison of the photocatalytic disinfection of E. coli suspensions in slurry, wall and fixed-bed reactors

Grieken, Rafael van; Marugán, Javier; Sordo, Carlos; Pablos, Cristina

doi:10.1016/j.cattod.2008.11.017

Cited by 101 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Studies using suspended titania photocatalysts in water have typically demonstrated greater efficacy than studies using heterogeneous photocatalysts immobilized on substrates [13]. This may be primarily due to mass transfer limitations that reduce the efficacy of immobilized TiO 2 photocatalysts in bulk solution [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nitrogen and copper doped solar light active TiO2 photocatalysts for water decontamination

Fisher

Keane

Fernández‐Ibáñez³

et al. 2013

Applied Catalysis B: Environmental

133

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[21] While many previous studies used powdered TiO 2 coatings, such coatings are not transparent and are often poorly adhered. Packing bottles with titania-coated supports is also not ideal for SODIS applications, because inserts reduce the effective volume and rarely inactivate indicator organisms [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen and copper doped solar light active TiO2 photocatalysts for water decontamination

Fisher

Keane

Fernández‐Ibáñez³

et al. 2013

Applied Catalysis B: Environmental

133

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“…45 The total time taken for the SODIS based disinfection process can be significantly reduced by the addition of semiconductor based photocatalysts, which offers real possibilities for enhanced killing of micro-organisms and photo-mineralisation of organic contaminants from water. 6 Contrary to solar-thermal reactions, 50 which collect photons at a low-energy high-wavelength to achieve the thermal effect, solar photocatalysis uses only the photons of short-wavelength to initiate a photochemical process. The mechanism (Figure 2) of photocatalytic disinfection 4, 5, 7-10 is as follows: The absorption of a photon from the solar energy 65 Titanium dioxide based photocatalysts (band gap of 3.2 eV) on which most of the research has focused until now, possesses a relatively high self-sterilisation under ultraviolet (UV) light (wavelength <390 nm).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The coating materials and methods used were selected so that they could be easily replicated in an urban setting in a developing country. A plastic acetate sheet was coated with the commercial catalyst Degussa Evonik P25 (referring to as P25 from now on) powder and used as an 50 insert to cover the bottom half of PET and borosilicate glass bottles. The bottom half of glass bottles (inner wall) was also coated successively (10 times) with P25.…”

Section: Solar Photocatalytic Disinfection Of Water; Selected Fieldmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solar photocatalysis for water disinfection: materials and reactor design

Keane

McGuigan

Ibáñez³

et al. 2014

Catal. Sci. Technol.

176

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As of 2010, access to clean drinking water is a human right according to UN regulations. Nevertheless, the number of people living in areas without safe drinking water is predicted to increase by three billion by the end of this decade. Several recent cases of E. coli and Cryptosporidium contamination in drinking water are also reported in a number of advanced countries. Therefore ensuring the potability of drinking water is urgent, but highly challenging to both the developing and developed world in the future. A combination of solar disinfection and photocatalysis technology offers real possibilities for removing lethal pathogenic microroganisms from drinking water. The time taken for the conventional SODIS process can be greatly reduced by semiconductor (e.g. TiO2, ZnO, nano-heterojunctions) based photocatalysis. This review addresses the fundamental reaction mechanism, advances in materials synthesis and selection and recent developments in the reactor design for solar energy driven photocatalysis using titanium dioxide. The major advantage of using photo-reactors is that they enhance disinfection by increasing photon flux into the photocatalyst. Other major factors affecting such efficiency of solar-based photocatalysis such as the illuminated volume/total volume ratio, catalyst load and flow rate, are discussed in detail. The significance of using immobilised catalysts over the catalyst powder in slurries is also highlighted. It is noted that, despite encouraging early field studies, the commercialisation and mass production of solar photocatalysis systems remains highly challenging. Recommendations for future directions for addressing issues such as mass transfer, requirement of a standard test method, photo-reactors design and visible light absorption by TiO2 coatings are also discussed

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“…The authors argued that the cause of the photocatalytic inactivation of these bacteria is related to the degradation of the co-enzyme A, producing the inhibition of cell respiration. Several subsequent studies related to the bactericidal effect of TiO 2 photocatalyst have been carried out to inactivate bacteria, viruses, and fungi present in contaminated water [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of the radiation flux on the photocatalytic inactivation of spores of Bacillus subtilis

Zacarías

Vaccari

Alfano

et al. 2010

Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry

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a b s t r a c tIn this paper, the photocatalytic inactivation of dry spores of Bacillus subtilis dispersed on TiO 2 films and irradiated with UV-A radiation (2.44-0.29 mW cm −2 ) was studied. Experimental results indicate a minor reduction in the number of viable spores (69% of inactivation after 48 h of irradiation) when they were irradiated with UV-A radiation on borosilicate glass plates (without TiO 2 ), confirming the resistance of spores to UV-A radiation. However, the number of viable spores significantly decreased when they were irradiated with UV-A under similar conditions but on plates coated with TiO 2 (99.88% of inactivation after 24 h of irradiation), showing that dry spores of B. subtilis are vulnerable to photocatalytic inactivation. A simplified scheme was proposed to model the photocatalytic inactivation of B. subtilis, from which a kinetic expression was derived. Since the rate of photocatalytic inactivation is strongly dependent on the flux of the UV radiation on the TiO 2 films, the radiation field was modeled by means of CFD software. Experimental results of spore inactivation were fitted with the derived kinetic expression, showing the inactivation rate has a square root dependence on the radiation flux reaching the photocatalyst film.

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Comparison of the photocatalytic disinfection of E. coli suspensions in slurry, wall and fixed-bed reactors

Cited by 101 publications

References 27 publications

Nitrogen and copper doped solar light active TiO2 photocatalysts for water decontamination

Nitrogen and copper doped solar light active TiO2 photocatalysts for water decontamination

Solar photocatalysis for water disinfection: materials and reactor design

Effect of the radiation flux on the photocatalytic inactivation of spores of Bacillus subtilis

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