Comparison of the Performance of Two Galactomannan Detection Tests: Platelia Aspergillus Ag and Aspergillus Galactomannan Ag Virclia Monotest

Calero, Alba Leyva; Alonso, Roberto; Gadea, Ignacio; Vega, María Dolores Montero; García, Marta Martín; Muñóz, Patricia; Machado, Marina; Bouza, Emilio; García-Rodríguez, Julio

doi:10.1128/spectrum.02626-21

Cited by 9 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 49 publications

(44 reference statements)

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“…With each monotest containing reagents and controls individual to a sample, a single sample can be tested without using excessive, additional reagents on separate controls. Clinical performance of the test when testing serum and BAL fluid has recently been described (Table 1), concordance with the BioRad GM test was excellent (K: 0.722), with 15 discordant Virclia Positive/BioRad negative being clinical cases of IA compared to three BioRad positive/Virclia negative [3]. The area under the ROC curve using proven/probable IA as a reference was excellent (0.968).…”

Section: Aspergillus Antigen Elisa Assaysmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…The availability of an automated GM ELISA system is useful for minimizing interassay variability, where manual operational events could be a potential source of non-reproducible GM positivity and have been attributed to 33% of GM positivity [9]. However, the BioRad GM can be automated using the Evolis system or other widely used systems such as the DS2 Dynex platform, and other non-BioRad automated GM systems are available but lack published clinical validation (e.g., ERA FungiXpert) [3,10].…”

Section: Aspergillus Antigen Elisa Assaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Developments in Fungal Serology

White

2023

Curr Fungal Infect Rep

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Purpose of Review The true incidence of fungal disease is hampered by conventionally poor diagnostic tests, limited access to advanced diagnostics, and limited surveillance. The availability of serological testing has been available for over two decades and generally underpins the modern diagnosis of the most common forms of fungal disease. This review will focus on technical developments of serological tests for the diagnosis of fungal disease, describing advances in clinical performance when available. Recent Findings Despite their longevity, technical, clinical, and performance limitations remain, and tests specific for fungal pathogens outside the main pathogens are lacking. The availability of LFA and automated systems, capable of running multiple different tests, represents significant developments, but clinical performance data is variable and limited. Summary Fungal serology has significantly advanced the diagnosis of the main fungal infections, with LFA availability increasing accessibility to testing. Combination testing has the potential to overcome performance limitations.

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Section: Aspergillus Antigen Elisa Assaysmentioning

confidence: 78%

Section: Aspergillus Antigen Elisa Assaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developments in Fungal Serology

White

2023

Curr Fungal Infect Rep

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“…In a large multicenter study including 141 patients of which 66 cases are probable IPA, the VirClia correlated well with the Platelia for detecting GM in BALF. 34 This was also found in two smaller cohorts in BALF and serum 35 36 but more extensive validation of the test and its cutoffs in serum are needed.…”

Section: Expanding Antigen Detection Testingmentioning

confidence: 88%

Microbiological Diagnosis of Pulmonary Aspergillus Infections

Aerts,

Feys,

Mercier

et al. 2024

Semin Respir Crit Care Med

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As microbiological tests play an important role in our diagnostic algorithms and clinical approach towards patients at-risk for pulmonary aspergillosis, a good knowledge of the diagnostic possibilities and especially their limitations is extremely important. In this review, we aim to reflect critically on the available microbiological diagnostic modalities for diagnosis of pulmonary aspergillosis and formulate some future prospects. Timely start of adequate antifungal treatment leads to a better patient outcome, but overuse of antifungals should be avoided. Current diagnostic possibilities are expanding, and are mainly driven by enzyme immunoassays and lateral flow device tests for the detection of Aspergillus antigens. Most of these tests are directed towards similar antigens, but new antibodies towards different targets are under development. For chronic forms of pulmonary aspergillosis, anti-Aspergillus IgG antibodies and precipitins remain the cornerstone. More studies on the possibilities and limitations of molecular testing including targeting resistance markers are ongoing. Also, metagenomic next-generation sequencing is expanding our future possibilities. It remains important to combine different test results and interpret them in the appropriate clinical context to improve performance. Test performances may differ according to the patient population and test results may be influenced by timing, the tested matrix, and prophylactic and empiric antifungal therapy. Despite the increasing armamentarium, a simple blood or urine test for the diagnosis of aspergillosis in all patient populations at-risk is still lacking. Research on diagnostic tools is broadening from a pathogen focus on biomarkers related to the patient and its immune system.

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“…Some have been shown to have a diagnostic accuracy comparable to the Platelia test described above. 120 121…”

Section: Clinical Presentation and Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis: Clinical Presentation and Treatment

Heylen,

Vanbiervliet,

Maertens

et al. 2024

Semin Respir Crit Care Med

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Among all clinical manifestations of pulmonary aspergillosis, invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) is the most acute presentation. IPA is caused by Aspergillus hyphae invading the pulmonary tissue, causing either tracheobronchitis and/or bronchopneumonia. The degree of fungal invasion into the respiratory tissue can be seen as a spectrum, going from colonization to deep tissue penetration with angio-invasion, and largely depends on the host's immune status. Patients with prolonged, severe neutropenia and patients with graft-versus-host disease are at particularly high risk. However, IPA also occurs in other groups of immunocompromised and nonimmunocompromised patients, like solid organ transplant recipients or critically ill patients with severe viral disease. While a diagnosis of proven IPA is challenging and often warranted by safety and feasibility, physicians must rely on a combination of clinical, radiological, and mycological features to assess the likelihood for the presence of IPA. Triazoles are the first-choice regimen, and the choice of the drug should be made on an individual basis. Adjunctive therapy such as immunomodulatory treatment should also be taken into account. Despite an improving and evolving diagnostic and therapeutic armamentarium, the burden and mortality of IPA still remains high. This review aims to give a comprehensive and didactic overview of the current knowledge and best practices regarding the epidemiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment of acute IPA.

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Comparison of the Performance of Two Galactomannan Detection Tests: Platelia Aspergillus Ag and Aspergillus Galactomannan Ag Virclia Monotest

Abstract: Invasive mycoses are increasingly present in immunosuppressed or hospitalized patients with serious illnesses, leading to high rates of morbidity and mortality. Invasive aspergillosis is an infection caused, in a percentage greater than 50%, by the genus Aspergillus .

Cited by 9 publications

References 49 publications

Developments in Fungal Serology

Developments in Fungal Serology

Microbiological Diagnosis of Pulmonary Aspergillus Infections

Acute Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis: Clinical Presentation and Treatment

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