“…A wide range of approaches has been employed to improve stream ow synthesis techniques ranging from simple ARMA family (Rao et al, 1982;Stedinger et al, 1985;Mujumdar & Kumar, 1990; Kuo & Sun, 1996;Tesfaye et al, 2006;Fashae et al, 2019;Medda & Bhar, 2019;Gupta et al, 2022) to sophisticated hybrid models (Jia & Culver, 2006;Kwon et al, 2007;Nowak et al, 2011;Niu & Sivakumar, 2013;Hu et al, 2021;Abdelaziz et al, 2023). To synthesize monthly stream ow data that exhibits periodicity, several methods can be employed such as seasonal models (Dimri et al, 2020;Ahmadpour et al, 2022), decomposing stream ow with Fourier transforms (Chong et al, 2019;Abdelaziz et al, 2023) or Wavelet techniques (Nowak et al, 2011;Chong et al, 2019;Rhif et al, 2019), and pattern recognition (Panu et al, 1978;Panu & Unny, 1980a) are some approaches, among others. When it comes to the synthesis of periodic time series, pattern recognition techniques can be well-suited since they are designed to identify and extract patterns in the data.…”