Comparison of the inhibitory effects of vitamin E analogues on melanogenesis in mouse B16 melanoma cells

Kamei, Yuto; Otsuka, Yuri; Abe, Kouichi

doi:10.1007/s10616-009-9207-y

Cited by 24 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…g-Tocopherol is useful for suppressing melanogenesis and mRNA expression of tyrosinase and tyrosinase-related protein-2 in B16 melanoma cells [68]. A novel hydrophilic g-tocopherol derivative was recently synthesized to reinforce its biologic effects.…”

Section: Tocopherols (Vitamin E)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of antioxidants in the skin: Anti-aging effects

Hashimoto¹

2010

Journal of Dermatological Science

602

422

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Section: Tocopherols (Vitamin E)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of antioxidants in the skin: Anti-aging effects

Hashimoto¹

2010

Journal of Dermatological Science

602

422

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“…14) Kamei et al reported that d-tocopherol has cytotoxicity, although it shows antimelanogenic activity at a low concentration long term (72 h). 15) Although in number and position of methyl groups on the chromanol ring, of d-tocotrienol is similar to d-tocopherol, d-tocotrienol possesses a farnesyl instead of a saturated phytyl side chain. Therefore, the antimelanogenic activity of d-tocotrienol and d-tocopherol seems to relate to the number and position of the methyl groups on the chromanol ring.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Delta-Tocotrienol on Melanin Content and Enzymes for Melanin Synthesis in Mouse Melanoma Cells

Michihara

Ogawa

Kamizaki

et al. 2010

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

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In nature, eight substances have been found to have vitamin E activity: a-, b-, g-, and d-tocopherol; and a-, b-, g-, and d-tocotorienol.1) Tocotrienols possess powerful antithrombotic, neuroprotective, anti-cancer, and cholesterollowering properties that are often not exhibited by tocopherols. [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] Melanin is synthesized by tyrosinase and other enzymes in the tyrosinase family, such as tyrosinase-related protein (TRP)-1 and TRP-2, in melanosomes. We previously reported that the decrease (35%) in the melanin content of mouse melanoma B16 cells treated with 50 mM d-tocotrienol for 24 h was the result of a decrease in the level of tyrosinase.13) d-Tocotrienol might also be useful as a therapeutic or preventive drug for hyperpigmentation and as a component of whitening and/or lightening cosmetics not causing severe side effect (reduction of cholesterol content and release of lysosomes/melanosomes), although 50 mM dtocotrienol for 24 h caused a decrease in the level of mevalonate pyrophosphate decarboxylases, an enzyme involved in cholesterol biosynthesis.14) Kamei et al. reported that d-tocopherol has cytotoxicity, although it shows antimelanogenic activity at a low concentration long term (72 h).15) Although in number and position of methyl groups on the chromanol ring, of d-tocotrienol is similar to d-tocopherol, d-tocotrienol possesses a farnesyl instead of a saturated phytyl side chain. Therefore, the antimelanogenic activity of d-tocotrienol and d-tocopherol seems to relate to the number and position of the methyl groups on the chromanol ring. Treatment with d-tocotrienol long term may also show cytotoxicity.Thus, we investigated whether treatment with d-tocotrienol long term causes cytotoxicity, and also the dose-dependent effect of d-tocotrienol on melanin levels in cells. Furthermore, we examined whether other enzymes producing melanin, tyrosinase related protein-1 (TRP-1) and -2 (TRP-2), are involved in the decrease in melanin content. MATERIALS AND METHODS MaterialsThe d-tocotrienol (98.7%) was obtained from Eisai Food Chemical (Tokyo, Japan). The cholesterol E-test Wako kits were from Wako (Osaka, Japan), Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (D-MEM) from Gibco (Tokyo, Japan), B16 cells from RIKEN (Ibaraki, Japan), rabbit anti-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) immunoglobulin G (IgG), rabbit anti-TRP-2 IgG, goat anti-tyrosinase IgG, goat anti-TRP-1 IgG, and goat anti-lactate dehydrogenase (LDH: C-17) IgG from Santa Crutz Biotechnology, Inc. Melanoma Cell Line B16 cells were diluted to 1.5ϫ10 6 per 35-mm tissue culture dish with D-MEM containing 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS), and then incubated in humidified air containing 5% CO 2 at 37°C for 24 h. In some experiments, the cells were shifted to 1 ml of D-MEM containing 10% FBS in the presence of 25 or 50 mM d-tocotrienol (dissolved in 1 ml dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)) for 48 or 72 h. One milliliter of D-MEM in the absence or presence of d-tocotrienol was exchanged at intervals of 1 d. Preparation of Samples B16 cell...

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“…Argan oil shows an interesting antioxidant activity in β -carotene/linoleic acid bleaching assay, predicting a lipoperoxidation protection. The skin whitening effect of alpha-tocopherol or commonly known as vitamin E has been reported [45]. Oral intake of vitamin E can improve facial hyperpigmentation, especially in combination with vitamin C. The exposure to UV radiation induces lipid peroxidation in the skin, which can cause damage to the epidermal cells, leading to postinflammatory hyperpigmentation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Activation of MITF by Argan Oil Leads to the Inhibition of the Tyrosinase and Dopachrome Tautomerase Expressions in B16 Murine Melanoma Cells

Villareal

Kume

Bourhim

et al. 2013

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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Argan (Argania spinosa L.) oil has been used for centuries in Morocco as cosmetic oil to maintain a fair complexion and to cure skin pimples and chicken pox pustules scars. Although it is popular, the scientific basis for its effect on the skin has not yet been established. Here, the melanogenesis regulatory effect of argan oil was evaluated using B16 murine melanoma cells. Results of melanin assay using B16 cells treated with different concentrations of argan oil showed a dose-dependent decrease in melanin content. Western blot results showed that the expression levels of tyrosinase (TYR), tyrosinase-related protein 1 (TRP1), and dopachrome tautomerase (DCT) proteins were decreased. In addition, there was an increase in the activation of MITF and ERK1/2. Real-time PCR results revealed a downregulation of Tyr, Trp1, Dct, and Mitf mRNA expressions. Argan oil treatment causes MITF phosphorylation which subsequently inhibited the transcription of melanogenic enzymes, TYR and DCT. The inhibitory effect of argan oil on melanin biosynthesis may be attributed to tocopherols as well as the synergistic effect of its components. The results of this study provide the scientific basis for the traditionally established benefits of argan oil and present its therapeutic potential against hyperpigmentation disorders.

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Comparison of the inhibitory effects of vitamin E analogues on melanogenesis in mouse B16 melanoma cells

Cited by 24 publications

References 21 publications

Role of antioxidants in the skin: Anti-aging effects

Role of antioxidants in the skin: Anti-aging effects

Effect of Delta-Tocotrienol on Melanin Content and Enzymes for Melanin Synthesis in Mouse Melanoma Cells

Activation of MITF by Argan Oil Leads to the Inhibition of the Tyrosinase and Dopachrome Tautomerase Expressions in B16 Murine Melanoma Cells

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