Comparison of the in vivo genotoxicity of electronic and conventional cigarettes aerosols after subacute, subchronic and chronic exposures.

Platel, Anne; Dusautoir, Romain; Kervoaze, Gwenola; Dourdin, G.; Gateau, E.; Talahari, Smaïl; Huot, Ludovic; Simar, Sophie; Ollivier, Anaïs; Laine, William; Kluza, Jérôme; Gosset, Philippe; Garçon, Guillaume; Anthérieu, Sébastien; Guidice, Jean‐Marc Lo; Nesslany, Fabrice

doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127246

Cited by 20 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 88 publications

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“…Whilst the genotoxic nature of cigarette smoking has been extensively studied (Alsaad et al, 2019; Mohammed et al, 2020), the lack of association with PIG‐A mutant frequency may be due study limitations such as the limited number of smokers recruited in some studies or the lack of information on cigarette‐pack‐years. In addition, the rat Pig‐A test was negative for the tobacco carcinogen 4‐(methylnitrosamino)‐1‐(3‐pyridyl)‐1‐butanone (NNK) (Mittelstaedt et al, 2019) and aerosolised particulate matter from cigarette smoking did not induce Pig‐A mutations in rats (Dalrymple et al, 2016) or mice (Platel et al, 2022). The negative in vivo rodent data and above‐mentioned human data could perhaps be due to the lack of bone marrow exposure to genotoxic agents via the inhalation route.…”

Section: Pig‐a Mutation Test In Human Biomonitoringmentioning

confidence: 99%

The PIG‐A gene mutation assay in human biomonitoring and disease

Lawrence,

Munn,

Naser

et al. 2023

Environ and Mol Mutagen

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The blood cell phosphatidylinositol glycan class A (PIG‐A) gene mutation assay has been extensively researched in rodents for in vivo mutagenicity testing and is now being investigated in humans. The PIG‐A gene is involved in glycosyl phosphatidylinositol (GPI)‐anchor biosynthesis. A single mutation in this X‐linked gene can lead to loss of membrane‐bound GPI anchors, which can be enumerated via corresponding GPI‐anchored proteins (e.g., CD55) using flow cytometry. The studies published to date by different research groups demonstrate a remarkable consistency in PIG‐A mutant frequencies. Moreover, with the low background level of mutant erythrocytes in healthy subjects (2.9–5.56 × 10−6 mutants), induction of mutation post genotoxic exposure can be detected. Cigarette smoking, radiotherapy, and occupational exposures, including lead, have been shown to increase mutant levels. Future applications of this test include identifying new harmful agents and establishing new exposure limits. This mutational monitoring approach may also identify individuals at higher risk of cancer development. In addition, identifying protective agents that could mitigate these effects may reduce baseline somatic mutation levels and such behaviors can be encouraged. Further technological progress is required including establishing underlying mechanisms of GPI anchor loss, protocol standardization, and the development of cryopreservation methods to improve GPI‐anchor stability over time. If successful, this assay has the potential be widely employed, for example, in rural and low‐income countries. Here, we review the current literature on PIG‐A mutation in humans and discuss the potential role of this assay in human biomonitoring and disease detection.

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Section: Pig‐a Mutation Test In Human Biomonitoringmentioning

confidence: 99%

The PIG‐A gene mutation assay in human biomonitoring and disease

Lawrence,

Munn,

Naser

et al. 2023

Environ and Mol Mutagen

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“…A growing body of literature on ENDS products reports lower levels of specific aerosol toxicants such as tobacco-specific nitrosamines, carbonyls, and volatile organic compounds [ 13 , 15 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 ]. Correspondingly, depending on the device and formulation, e-liquids and ENDS aerosols have exhibited lower in vitro and in vivo biological activity as compared to CCs [ 16 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Practical Framework for Novel Electronic Nicotine Delivery System Evaluation: Chemical and Toxicological Characterization of JUUL2 Aerosol and Comparison with Reference Cigarettes

Cook,

Lalonde,

Oldham

et al. 2024

Toxics

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Electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDSs) are designed as a non-combustible alternative to cigarettes, aiming to deliver nicotine without the harmful byproducts of tobacco combustion. As the category evolves and new ENDS products emerge, it is important to continually assess the levels of toxicologically relevant chemicals in the aerosols and characterize any related toxicology. Herein, we present a proposed framework for characterizing novel ENDS products (i.e., devices and formulations) and determining the reduced risk potential utilizing analytical chemistry and in vitro toxicological studies with a qualitative risk assessment. To demonstrate this proposed framework, long-term stability studies (12 months) analyzing relevant toxicant emissions from six formulations of a next-generation product, JUUL2, were conducted and compared to reference combustible cigarette (CC) smoke under both non-intense and intense puffing regimes. In addition, in vitro cytotoxicity, mutagenicity, and genotoxicity assays were conducted on aerosol and smoke condensates. In all samples, relevant toxicants under both non-intense and intense puffing regimes were substantially lower than those observed in reference CC smoke. Furthermore, neither cytotoxicity, mutagenicity, nor genotoxicity was observed in aerosol condensates generated under both intense and non-intense puffing regimes, in contrast to results observed for reference cigarettes. Following the proposed framework, the results demonstrate that the ENDS products studied in this work generate significantly lower levels of toxicants relative to reference cigarettes and were not cytotoxic, mutagenic, or genotoxic under these in vitro assay conditions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…10 Nicotine levels and ingredients vary by product, 11 with many raising concerns for toxicity, 12 metabolic effects, 13 and potential carcinogenicity. 14,15 Other health effects of VN use are not unlike those of CCs: elevated risk for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease/ asthma 16 and myocardial infarction. 17 Although VN-related harms are becoming increasingly apparent, data regarding the prevalence and patterns of VN use among people with HIV (PWH) are limited.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vaporized Nicotine (E-Cigarette) and Tobacco Smoking Among People With HIV: Use Patterns and Associations With Depression and Panic Symptoms

Hahn

Ruderman

Nance

et al. 2023

JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes

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Background:Vaporized nicotine (VN) use is increasing among people with HIV (PWH). We examined demographics, patterns of use, depression, and panic symptoms associated with VN and combustible cigarette (CC) use among PWH.Methods:We analyzed VN use among PWH in care at 7 US sites. PWH completed a set of patient-reported outcomes, including substance use and mental health. We categorized VN use as never vs. ever with the frequency of use (days/month) and CC use as never, former, or current. We used relative risk regression to associate VN and CC use, depression, and panic symptoms. Linear regression estimated each relationship with VN frequency. Models were adjusted for demographics.Results:Among 7431 PWH, 812 (11%) reported ever-using VN, and 264 (4%) reported daily use. Half (51%) of VN users concurrently used CC. VN users were more likely than those without use to be younger, to be White, and to report ever-using CC. PWH reporting former CC use reported ≥8.5 more days per month of VN use compared with never CC use [95% confidence interval (95% CI): 5.5 to 11.5 days/month] or current CC use (95% CI: 6.6 to 10.5 days/month). Depression (relative risk: 1.20 [95% CI: 1.02 to 1.42]) and panic disorder (1.71 [95% CI: 1.43 to 2.05]) were more common among PWH ever-using VN. Depression was common among PWH using VN (27%) and CC (22%), as was panic disorder (21% for VN and 16% for CC).Conclusion:Our study elucidated demographic associations with VN use among PWH, revealed the overlap of VN and CC use, and associations with depression/panic symptoms, suggesting roles of VN in self-medication and CC substitution, warranting further longitudinal/qualitative research.

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Comparison of the in vivo genotoxicity of electronic and conventional cigarettes aerosols after subacute, subchronic and chronic exposures.

Cited by 20 publications

References 88 publications

The PIG‐A gene mutation assay in human biomonitoring and disease

The PIG‐A gene mutation assay in human biomonitoring and disease

A Practical Framework for Novel Electronic Nicotine Delivery System Evaluation: Chemical and Toxicological Characterization of JUUL2 Aerosol and Comparison with Reference Cigarettes

Vaporized Nicotine (E-Cigarette) and Tobacco Smoking Among People With HIV: Use Patterns and Associations With Depression and Panic Symptoms

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