Comparison of the Importance of Different Habitat Attributes to Avian Community Organization

Rice, Jake; Anderson, B. W.; Ohmart, Robert D.

doi:10.2307/3801436

Cited by 93 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Species diversity has also been related to habitat patchiness or horizontal diversity (Roth, 1976). The effects of habitat patchiness on avian community structure can be interpreted much like the effects of foliage height diversity; individual species are added to the community by adding pieces of adequate habitat (Rice et al, 1984). The importance of horizontal diversity has been demonstrated for certain avian species.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Songbird response to group selection harvests and clearcuts in a New Hampshire northern hardwood forest

Costello

Yamasaki

Pekins

et al. 2000

Forest Ecology and Management

102

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Clearcutting creates habitat for many species of early successional songbirds; however, little information is available on bird use of small forest openings created by group selection harvests. Group selection harvests are increasing on the White Mountain National Forest due to negative public response to clearcutting. The objective of this study was to determine if avian species richness and composition differ between clearcut and group selection openings, and between mature stands and the uncut portions of group selection stands. Point count surveys were conducted during the 1992 and 1993 breeding seasons within six study blocks in the White Mountain National Forest, NH. Each block consisted of a clearcut stand, a group selection stand and a mature stand. Species richness per stand was signi®cantly higher in clearcut openings (p 0.010) than in group selection openings. Forested areas surrounding group selection openings were similar to mature stands in species richness (p 0.848) and composition. Our data suggest that, relative to avian use, the group selection system does not provide habitat similar to that created by clearcutting in extensive northern hardwood stands. The group selection system appears to retain much of the mature forest bird community while providing for a limited number of early successional bird species. Gradual replacement of clearcutting with group selection harvests could result in reduced avian diversity across large forested tracts. #

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Songbird response to group selection harvests and clearcuts in a New Hampshire northern hardwood forest

Costello

Yamasaki

Pekins

et al. 2000

Forest Ecology and Management

102

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show abstract

“…Many studies have shown that more diverse bird communities are found in forests with more diverse tree composition (e.g. Rice et al 1984;Verner & Larson 1989).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Breeding bird community and mixed-species flocking in a deciduous broad-leaved forest in western Madagascar

Hino

2002

Ornithol. Sci.

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Bird species diversity is generally higher in tropical forests than in temperate forests. This latitudinal gradient of species diversity has been mainly explained by external factors such as the structural complexity of habitat (MacArthur et al. 1966), climatic stability (Stiles 1978) and predictability or diversity of food resources (Karr 1971;Schoener 1971). In contrast, Powell (1989) explained the high species richness in the neotropical avifauna as arising from the internal structure of the community itself. Multispecies territoriality (i.e., the year-round communal defence of territory) by the core species of mixed-species flocks reduces the densities of small species because they have larger territories than expected from their body size. As a result, a greater number of small species can coexist owing to the under-utilization of food resources in such a community.Madagascar, which lies within the tropical region, supports various kinds of forests including: rain forest, deciduous broad-leaved forest, and subarid scrub.Although the avifauna is highly unique with Ͼ50% of the breeding species endemic (Langrand 1990), there have been no quantitative studies of Madagascan forest bird communities. Multispecies bird flocks are observed all year round in Madagascan forests (Eguchi et al. 1993;Hino 1998Hino , 2000 as well as in other tropical forests (Bell 1983;Powell 1989;Jullien & Thiollay 1998). Hino (1998Hino ( , 2000 has shown that the core species of mixed flocks in deciduous broadleaved forest in Madagascar gain mutual benefits relating to foraging and/or anti-predation. The deciduous forest is an appropriate habitat to examine the factors, other than foliage structure, that may explain the differences between bird communities in tropical and temperate forests. In this paper, I describe the characteristics of breeding bird communities in a deciduous broad-leaved forest in western Madagascar by comparing them with those of temperate forests in Japan. Then I consider the effect of predators and multispecies flocking to explain the characteristics of the Madagascan bird community. Breeding bird community and mixed-species flocking in a deciduous broad-leaved forest in western MadagascarTeruaki HINO # Kansai Research Center, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Japan Abstract The breeding bird population of a deciduous broadleaved forest in western Madagascar was censused by means of territory mapping. Despite the foliage structure being simpler, neither species richness nor density was less than those in mature temperate forests. Species diversity was higher in the western Madagascan forest owing to the higher species evenness. Tree-cavity nesters and bark foragers were few because woodpeckers, nuthatches, and tits have not colonized Madagascar. The scarcity of birds nesting on or near the forest floor may be attributable to abundance of nest-predators such as large lizards and snakes in these areas. The bird community was dominated in abundance by the members of mixed-species flocks, almost all...

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“…Vegetation structure and plant species composition are important predictors of bird species richness or the presence of particular species (MacArthur and MacArthur 1961, Rice et al 1984, Strong and Bock 1990, Powell and Steidl 2002.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vascular Plant and Vertebrate Inventory of Coronado National Memorial

Powell¹,

Swann²,

Halvorson³

2007

Open-File Report

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Comparison of the Importance of Different Habitat Attributes to Avian Community Organization

Cited by 93 publications

References 34 publications

Songbird response to group selection harvests and clearcuts in a New Hampshire northern hardwood forest

Songbird response to group selection harvests and clearcuts in a New Hampshire northern hardwood forest

Breeding bird community and mixed-species flocking in a deciduous broad-leaved forest in western Madagascar

Vascular Plant and Vertebrate Inventory of Coronado National Memorial

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