Comparison of the group method and the standard individual version of the Holtzman inkblot technique

Holtzman, Wayne H.; Moseley, Edward C.; Reinehr, Robert C.; Abbott, E. Carlton

doi:10.1002/1097-4679(196310)19:4<441::aid-jclp2270190421>3.0.co;2-x

Cited by 23 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 2 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The inkblot protocols were scored by the senior author for the four content variables (H, Br, Ax, and Hs) according to the scoring criteria set forth by Holtzman et al (1961). The 30-item version of the HIT, Form A (Herron, 1963) was group administered to Ss by projecting the cards on a screen with the use of an overhead projector. Since only the content of the responses was scored, it was possible to simplify the directions that have been suggested for group administration of the H I T (Holtzman, Mosely, Reinehr, & Abbott, 1963) so as to eliminate directions specific to the scoring of location and determinants.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inkblot content and interpersonal distance

1977

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Four Ht content scales were related to a projective and a live measure of interpersonal distance. Based on previour research, negative correlations between human and barrier content and interpersonal distance were predicted, with positive correlations predicted between anxiety and hostility content and distance behavior. All four content scales were found to relate significantly to projective distance, but only anxiety and hostility correlated significantly with distance behavior. The content scales also were combined in regression equations to predict interpersonal distance. The projective measure of interpersonal distance correlated signifiantly with the live measure of distance. The results were interpreted as support for the construct validity of the inkblot scales.

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inkblot content and interpersonal distance

1977

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…I n all subdivisions of the AIoveinent variable, including H1 (human part seen in movement) as distinguished from H2 (whole huiiian seen in movement), the LA group gave significantly iiiore responses, thereby confirming the results found for the total movenient score. As scored on the HIT, Movement consistently has been found to be one of the niost stable variables regardless of age or sex, the age, sex or experience of the exaiiiincr, or the normal or abnormal nature of the population sampled; and its odd-even reliability coefficientsacross a broad spectrum of 15 different populationsrange from a low of .71 to a high of .93 with a median value of .81 (6). I n addition, scores on Novenicnt show consistent, nionotonically increasing relationship with age across grade levels in school(g* 1 2 , 1 1 4 ) such results indicate a shift froni the impulsive production of diffuse, undifferentiated responses, uncritical of form, to increasingly mature, mell-organized perceptual and ideational activity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Test anxiety and performance on the Holtzman Inkblot Technique

Swartz

1968

J. Clin. Psychol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Sequence and direction in which 65 normal Ss drew the lines and dots of the Bender-Gestalt figures were recorded. Contrary to the suggestion of Hutt and Briskin, Ss do not typically draw closed figures in a counter-clockwise direction, nor do they always draw verticals downward. It is not unusual for S to draw one figure clockwise and another counter-clockwise. The context (presence of a second figure) seems to affect how S will draw. REFERENCES

show abstract

“…While individual sets of high quality slides can be produced professionally in this manner some variation between the original inkblot plates and the photographic representation as projected on an enlarged screen is inevitable. How much deviation can be tolerated depends largely upon the purpose for which the elides are d. The lack of any differences between the scores from the indiwdual and group versions in the study by Holtzman, et al (1963) indicates that slight variations in hue or saturation do not affect the total scores when employed with normal college students, even though on s c i h inkblots there may be minor differencea in response. Unt.il sets of 35 mm.…”

Section: Preliminary Feasibility Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Group method of administration for the Holtzman inkblot technique

Swartz

Holtzman

1963

J. Clin. Psychol.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

PROBLEMUnlike the Rorschach, the Holtzman Inkblot Technique (HIT) is well suited to group administration with colored slides projected on a screen, because the subject gives only one response per inkblot and the inquiry is simplified and standardized. A group method has the adva.ntage of being much more economical than an individual method : the number of subjects tested a t once is limited only by the available space, provided each subject has a good view of the screen where the blots are being projected; and administration of inkblots by a group procedure can be handled adequately by an individual after only a few hours of training with the procedure.Often stated disadvantages of group methods for inkblot testing are as follows: the loss of the more unstructured, personalized relationship between the examiner and the subject; the restriction of presenting the inkblots only in an upright position; and the increased difficulty of scoring certain variables. Where one at least has the opportunity for such things as the recording of verbatim responses and an individualized inquiry to help clear up scoring problems in an individually administered inkblot test, conventional group methods as employed in the past have typically yielded only the most cryptic cues for scoring determinants, content, and other variables which attempt to capture the quality of a particular response.For the use of inkblots in large-scale research projects, however, the advantages of a group method of administration far override whatever disadvantages may be associated with it. This is especially true if it can be shown that a striking degree of similarity exists between a group and an individual version of a test, and if the problems resulting from the loss of the personalized relationship can be overcome. PRELIMINARY FEASIBILITY STUDYDuring the summer of 1957, while several methodological studies were being conducted on Forms A and B of the individual version of the HIT, the 92 inkblots comprising these forms were photographed, reduced, and placed on 35 mm. slides for use in a slide p r~j e c t o r .~ Several quality checks were carried out to make sure the stimulus properties of the slides were comparable to the original inkblots; and special booklets were printed with schematic outlines of each inkblot on the lefthand page and space for the subject to write on the right-hand page.

show abstract

Comparison of the group method and the standard individual version of the Holtzman inkblot technique

Cited by 23 publications

References 2 publications

Inkblot content and interpersonal distance

Inkblot content and interpersonal distance

Test anxiety and performance on the Holtzman Inkblot Technique

Group method of administration for the Holtzman inkblot technique

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About