Comparison of the Efficacy and Safety of Live Attenuated Cold-Adapted Influenza Vaccine, Trivalent, With Trivalent Inactivated Influenza Virus Vaccine in Children and Adolescents With Asthma

Abstract

CAIV-T was well tolerated in children and adolescents with asthma. There was no evidence of a significant increase in adverse pulmonary outcomes for CAIV-T compared with TIV. CAIV-T had a significantly greater relative efficacy of 35% compared with TIV in this high-risk population.

Shedding of live vaccine virus, comparative safety, and influenza-specific antibody responses after administration of live attenuated and inactivated trivalent influenza vaccines to HIV-infected children

“…Overall the frequency of grade 2 and grade 3 signs and symptoms, including pulmonary disease and asthma or wheezing, were equally distributed between the two treatment Arms. Injection site reactions for TIV were observed in 23% of recipients, including one grade 3 event, which is similar to that previously reported (23)(24)(25)(26). Mild upper respiratory symptoms were more commonly reported after LAIV (52%) than after TIV (31%), which has also been previously reported (23)(24)(25)(26).…”

“…Moreover, because of intranasal administration, LAIV has the potential to stimulate greater local anti-influenza immune responses than TIV (20)(21)(22). LAIV demonstrated greater reductions in influenza than TIV in HIV-uninfected children, against strains that were well-matched with strains in the vaccine, as well as against antigenically drifted strains not included in the vaccine administered (23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28), and several studies have shown that the LAIV protective effect can extend beyond the year of administration (27,28).…”

Efficacy of live attenuated influenza vaccine in children 6 months to 17 years of age

“…LAIV provided levels of efficacy against influenza illness that, in the three comparative studies conducted, were significantly higher than those provided by TIV 1 , 3 , 7 . In contrast, comparative studies in adults ≥18 years of age have demonstrated variable results; studies have demonstrated comparable protection of the two vaccines, 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 greater protection with TIV, 17 , 18 , 19 and, in some cases, greater protection with LAIV 19 .…”

“…Multiple prospective, randomized, controlled studies have described the efficacy of live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV) in children and adolescents compared with placebo and with trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine (TIV) 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 . LAIV provided levels of efficacy against influenza illness that, in the three comparative studies conducted, were significantly higher than those provided by TIV 1 , 3 , 7 .…”

Background paper to the recommendation for the preferential use of live-attenuated influenza vaccine in children aged 2–6 years in Germany

“…For the age group 6-17 years, the only available data are those from the study by Fleming et al [15], which included approximately 2200 children with a clinical diagnosis of asthma. In this study, LAIV was 32% (95% CI: 3%-52%) more effective against laboratory-confirmed influenza than TIV (.…”