Comparison of the Effects of Glutamine, Curcumin, and Nesfatin-1 on the Gastric Serosal Surface Neomucosa Formation: An Experimental Rodent Model

Abstract

Introduction. Short bowel syndrome can crop up if more than 50% of small intestine is resected or when less than 100 cm of small bowel is left. Glutamine is the main food source of enterocytes. Curcumin has protective effects on intestinal ischemia-reperfusion damage. Nesfatin-1 is a satiety molecule. It has protective effects on gastric mucosa. The primary purpose of this study is to compare effects of glutamine, curcumin, and nesfatin-1 on the gastric serosal surface neomucosa formation on rats. Materials and Methods. 24 Wistar-Hannover rats were randomly divided into 4 groups and treated with saline, glutamine, curcumin, and nesfatin-1 after ileogastric anastomosis. After 14 days all rats were euthanized, and blood was collected. En bloc resection of anastomotic part was performed for histopathological examination. Results. PDGF, TGF-β, and VEGF levels and neomucosa formation were higher in glutamine group (p = 0.003, p = 0.003, and p = 0.025). Glutamine promotes the intestinal neomucosa formation on the gastric serosal surface and augments growth factors essential for neomucosa formation on rats. Conclusion. Glutamine may be used in short bowel syndrome for increasing the absorption surface area. But that needs to be determined by adequately powered clinical trials.

Effect of glutamine use on the formation of intestinal neomucosa on peritoneal surface in rats

“…During serious depletion of glutamine stores in severe metabolic stress conditions such as trauma, sepsis, and inflammatory bowel disease, glutamine supplementation was evaluated as a remedy to improve the clinical outcomes. [5,10] Histopathological evaluation of rats treated with glutamine in the present study showed higher neomucosa formation in terms of numbers compared to the control group, but the difference was not significant (p=0.315) (Table 2 and Fig. 4).…”

“…These complex and specialized treatment modalities which necessitate specialized experience are associated with high morbidity and mortality rates even in the best centers. [5] SBS is one of the most common causes that require patients to receive long-term parenteral nutrition (PN). In the long run, PN can cause serious infections, venous thromboembolism, catheter malfunction, metabolic complications such as liver and kidney disease, and eventual organ failure and death.…”

“…In this procedure, the new intestinal mucosa grows laterally by in-growth of the adjacent mucosa and the resulting mucosa has the same functions as the normal intestinal mucosa. [5] Serosal patching technique was evaluated for the growing of neomucosa in some previous studies using experimental models. As the source of serosal patch, serosal surface of the SB, colon, and peritoneal surface was used in these studies.…”

“…[3] Patients who develop SBS require long-term parenteral nutrition, which significantly increases the mortality and morbidity of the patients. [3][4][5] However, surgical approaches such as reconstruction of remaining bowel and intestinal transplantation can improve the intestinal digestion and absorption. [6,7] The reconstructive procedures aim to slow down the intestinal transition and to allow new intestinal mucosa development.…”