Comparison of the Effects of Lanolin, Peppermint, and Dexpanthenol Creams on Treatment of Traumatic Nipples in Breastfeeding Mothers

Abstract

Introduction: Traumatic nipple is among the most common problems of the breastfeeding period which leads to early cessation of breastfeeding. The study aimed to compare the effects of the lanolin, peppermint, and dexpanthenol creams on the treatment of traumatic nipples. Methods: This double-blind randomized controlled trial was carried out on 126 breastfeeding mothers. The mothers had visited at the health centers and children’s hospitals in Sanandaj City. The selected participants were randomly divided into the following three groups of lanolin, peppermint, and dexpanthenol cream groups. Nipple pain was measured using the Store scale while trauma was measured with the Champion scale. Analyses were carried out through the Kruskal–Wallis test, Chi-square, ANOVA, and repeated measures ANOVA by using SPSS software ver. 13. Results: The result showed that the mean score of nipple pain and nipple trauma at the prior to intervention stage, third, seventh, and fourteenth days of intervention was not significantly different between three groups. But, repeated measures ANOVA showed a significant difference in comparison of the four time periods of intervention in each group. Conclusion: Results of this study revealed that the lanolin, peppermint, and dexpanthenol medicines had similar therapeutic effects on traumatic nipple.

Natural latex‐glycerol dressing to reduce nipple pain and healing the skin in breastfeeding women

“…Under these conditions, NRL and NRL‐glycerol membranes showed no hemolytic effects indicating no detectable disturbance of the red blood cell membranes. These results are similar to those obtained by Borges et al 8‐33 and Barros et al . The test was realized according to the international standard ISO 10993‐4:2002, showing that the membrane NRL‐glycerol has no cytolytic activity.…”

“…Akbari et al studied the effect of menthol essence on improving nipple fissures in breastfeeding women. Other substances like lanolin, peppermint, dexpanthenol, and creams were compared to see their efficiency in the treatment of traumatic nipples …”

Measurement tools and intensity of nipple pain among women with or without damaged nipples: A quantitative systematic review

“…The most commonly used instruments to measure pain were one‐dimensional tools: NRS (nine studies) (Araújo et al., ; Brent et al., ; Buck et al., ; Chaves et al., ; Indraccolo et al., ; Jackson & Dennis, ; Marrazzu et al., ; Pugh et al., ; Vieira et al., ) and VAS (seven studies) (Abou‐Dakn et al., ; Akbari et al., ; Buchko et al., ; Coca et al., ; Dennis et al., ; Duffy et al., ; McClellan et al., ). The other scales identified were the Verbal Categorical Rating Scale (As'adi et al., ; Centuori et al., ; Mohamed Essa & Ebrahim, ; Shimoda et al., ) used in four studies; and the 1–5 Verbal Descriptor Scale used in three studies (Blair et al., ; Cadwell et al., ; Dodd & Chalmers, ); MPQ in Full in one study and Short‐Form version in two studies (SF‐MPQ) (Dennis et al., ; Jackson & Dennis, ; McClellan et al., ), and the Nipple Tenderness Scale in two studies (Lavergne, ; Shanazi et al., ). This last scale was referred to as the Nipple Soreness Rating by the author in one study (Lavergne, ) (Table ).…”

“…The three studies using the McGill scale reported mean of 15.8 and 20 points from 45 and 75 points Short and Full form, respectively, in the first week postpartum (Dennis et al., ; Jackson & Dennis, ; McClellan et al., ) and two studies using the Verbal Descriptor Scale reported a mean pain score of 3.4 where the range was from categories 1 to 5 and 3 is “moderate pain” around second week postpartum (Blair et al., ; Cadwell et al., ). The study using the Nipple Tenderness Scale found 3.1 points of nipple pain, where 3 = “nipple beginning to crack and/or involuntary gasp of pain when baby starts breastfeeding” (Shanazi et al., ).…”

“…Of these, 25 were relevant to the guiding question and were included in this review. Of the 25 articles, 20 were RCTs (Abou‐Dakn, Fluhr, Gensch, & Wockel, ; Akbari, Alamolhoda, Baghban, & Mirabi, ; Araújo, Nascimento, Camargos, Silva, & Faria, ; As'adi, Kariman, Mojab, & Pourhoseingholi, ; Brent, Rudy, Redd, Rudy, & Roth, ; Buchko et al., ; Cadwell, Turner‐Maffei, Blair, Brimdyr, & Maja McInerney, ; Centuori et al., ; Chaves, Araujo, Santos, Pinotti, & Oliveira, ; Coca et al., ; Dennis, Schottle, Hodnett, & McQueen, ; Dodd & Chalmers, ; Duffy, Percival, & Kershaw, ; Jackson & Dennis, ; Lavergne, ; Marrazzu et al., ; Mohamed Essa & Ebrahim, ; Pugh et al., ; Shanazi et al., ; Vieira et al., ), three were cross‐sectional studies (Blair, Cadwell, Turner‐Maffei, & Brimdyr, ; McClellan et al., ; Shimoda, Aragaki, Sousa, & Silva, ), and two were cohort studies (Buck et al., ; Indraccolo, Bracalente, Di Iorio, & Indraccolo, ).…”