Comparison of the Effects of Fucoidans on the Cell Viability of Tumor and Non-Tumor Cell Lines

Abstract

Fucoidans extracted from brown algae exert manifold biological activities paving the way for the development of numerous applications including treatments outside tumor therapy such as age-related macular degeneration or tissue engineering. In this study, we investigated the antiproliferative effects of fucoidans extracted from six different algae (Fucus vesiculosus, F. serratus, F. distichus subsp. evanescens, Dictyosiphon foeniculaceus, Laminaria digitata, Saccharina latissima) as well as three reference compounds (Sigma fucoidan, heparin, enoxaparin) on tumor (HL-60, Raji, HeLa, OMM-1, A-375, HCT-116, Hep G2) and non-tumor (ARPE-19, HaCaT) cell lines. All fucoidans were extracted according to a standardized procedure and tested in a commercially available MTS assay. Cell viability was measured after 24 h incubation with test compounds (1–100 µg/mL). Apart from few exceptions, fucoidans and heparins did not impair cell viability. In contrast, fucoidans significantly increased cell viability of suspension cell lines, but not of adherent cells. Fucoidans slightly increased viability of tumor cells and had no impact on the viability of non-tumor cells. The cell viability of HeLa and ARPE-19 cells negatively correlated with protein content and total phenolic content (TPC) of fucoidans, respectively. In summary, none of the tested fucoidans turned out to be anti-proliferative, rendering them interesting for future studies and applications.

Effects of a Newly Developed Enzyme-Assisted Extraction Method on the Biological Activities of Fucoidans in Ocular Cells

“…Toxicity was not found after treatment with any extracts, which corresponds to previously published studies [16][17][18][19]. Crude LD_SiAT2 and SL_SiAT2 improved the cell viability of the OMM-1 cell line slightly.…”

“…This study is the continuation of fucoidan research within the EU FucoSan project in regards to finding a possible treatment for AMD [16][17][18][19]. One main goal of this international project is to characterize different fucoidans to choose the best fucoidan for a potential medical application.…”

“…We showed already promising effects of different fucoidans on ocular cells. In brief, fucoidans from past studies were extracted with hot water, followed by precipitation with CaCl 2 and ultrafiltration or dialysis [16][17][18][19]. Fucus vesiculosus fucoidan from Sigma-Aldrich can reduce angiogenesis and VEGF of RPE [13].…”

“…Different sized fucoidans from Laminaria hyperborea showed that the large, non-degraded fucoidan is most suitable for oxidative stress protection and VEGF inhibition [17]. Moreover, the tested fucoidans are not antiproliferative for ocular cells in general [16], which is necessary for use in medical treatments. However, the biological effects of fucoidan differ strongly in relation to their chemical characteristics, which are influenced by the extraction method, and activities may be confounded by contaminants in the extracts [20,21].…”

Exploring the RC-106 Chemical Space: Design and Synthesis of Novel (E)-1-(3-Arylbut-2-en-1-yl)-4-(Substituted) Piperazine Derivatives as Potential Anticancer Agents

“…These differences could be due to different mechanisms of action of the molecules in the cell lines used for biological testing. It is not surprising, since the compound may have different effects depending on the tumoral cell line examined (Bittkau et al, 2019 ; Chen et al, 2019 ) and on the concentrations evaluated (Jiménez-Orozco et al, 2011 ; Navarro-Villarán et al, 2016 ).…”