Comparison of the Effect of Oral and Intravenous Fluid Therapy on Women with Oligohydramnios

An Update on Maternal Hydration Strategies for Amniotic Fluid Improvement in Isolated Oligohydramnios and Normohydramnios: Evidence from a Systematic Review of Literature and Meta-Analysis

“…The best results were achieved by intravenous hypotonic hydration of 2000ml administered within a single day, despite the fact that data was collected only from a single study [ 18 ]. Discordant results were reported regarding the administration of 2000ml of isotonic intravenous fluid versus 2000ml of hypotonic oral administration with significant improvements reported by Lorzadeh et al [p<0.0001] [ 20 ] while no significant improvements were reported by Umber et al[ 22 ]. ( Fig 2 ).…”

“…Of these 16 articles, 8 met the inclusion criteria for the first endpoint [ 15 , 16 , 18 , 20 , 21 , 25 – 27 ], 4 for the second endpoint [ 14 , 18 , 20 , 22 ], 2 for the third endpoint [ 19 , 24 ] and 4 for the fourth endpoint [ 17 , 23 , 28 , 29 ].…”

“…Six studies reported data regarding oral hypotonic fluid administration (276 women), [ 15 , 16 , 18 , 20 , 25 , 27 ], three studies [ 18 , 20 , 21 ] reported data regarding intravenous isotonic fluid administration ≥2000ml (126 women) and one study regarding fluid intake <2000ml (20 women)[ 26 ], two studies regarding intravenous hypotonic fluid administration (82 women)[ 18 , 20 ]. The analysis of data regarding Δ variation in AFI index in a cohort of women with diagnosis of IO showed significant differences between the intervention group compared to the no treatment group considering both fixed and random effects.…”

“…Two studies compared effects of intravenous versus oral hypotonic fluid administration (2000ml) in one day (82 women);[ 18 , 20 ] two studies compared effects of isotonic intravenous versus hypotonic oral fluid administration (2000ml) in one day (90 women); [ 20 , 22 ] one study compared isotonic versus hypotonic intravenous fluid administration (2000ml) in one day (42 women); [ 18 ] and one study compared variation in AFI index after 5 days of isotonic intravenous (<2000ml versus >2500ml) plus 1500ml hypotonic oral fluid administration (57 women)[ 14 ].…”

Application of Carbon Nanotubes in Breast Cancer Therapy

“…According to American Cancer Society, it is the second main cause of cancer-related death in The United State of America. The basic hallmark of breast tumor is the progression and metastasis to several organs including liver, lung, bone and/or brain, which leads to a multiple organ dysfunction, thereby increasing the incidence of death in patients with breast cancer [3,4]. Metastasis occur when cancer cells leaves the primary cancer site and travels to another organ through the blood vessels or lymphatic system [5,6].…”