Comparison of the Direct Effects of Human Adipose- and Bone-Marrow-Derived Stem Cells on Postischemic Cardiomyoblasts in anIn VitroSimulated Ischemia-Reperfusion Model

Abstract

Regenerative therapies hold a promising and exciting future for the cure of yet untreatable diseases, and mesenchymal stem cells are in the forefront of this approach. However, the relative efficacy and the mechanism of action of different types of mesenchymal stem cells are still incompletely understood. We aimed to evaluate the effects of human adipose- (hASC) and bone-marrow-derived stem cells (hBMSCs) and adipose-derived stem cell conditioned media (ACM) on the viability of cardiomyoblasts in an in vitro ischemia-reperfusion (I-R) model. Flow cytometric viability analysis revealed that both cell treatments led to similarly increased percentages of living cells, while treatment with ACM did not (I-R model: 12.13 ± 0.75%; hASC: 24.66 ± 2.49%; hBMSC: 25.41 ± 1.99%; ACM: 13.94 ± 1.44%). Metabolic activity measurement (I-R model: 0.065 ± 0.033; hASC: 0.652 ± 0.089; hBMSC: 0.607 ± 0.059; ACM: 0.225 ± 0.013; arbitrary units) and lactate dehydrogenase assay (I-R model: 0.225 ± 0.006; hASC: 0.148 ± 0.005; hBMSC: 0.146 ± 0.004; ACM: 0.208 ± 0.009; arbitrary units) confirmed the flow cytometric results while also indicated a slight beneficial effect of ACM. Our results highlight that mesenchymal stem cells have the same efficacy when used directly on postischemic cells, and differences found between them in preclinical and clinical investigations are rather related to other possible causes such as their immunomodulatory or angiogenic properties.

Mechanisms of Immune Suppression Utilized by Canine Adipose and Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells

“…Previous studies have revealed important differences between Ad-MSC and BM-MSC with respect to a variety of different properties, including osteogenesis, protection from sepsis, and healing of cardiac infarction [69][70][71][72]. Recently, the immune modulatory properties of human Ad-MSC and BM-MSC were compared [73].…”

The Impact of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Source on Proliferation, Differentiation, Immunomodulation and Therapeutic Efficacy

“…De Coppi et al evaluated in vivo myogenesis following bladder injury and found that both BM-and AF-MSCs engaged significantly in preventing cryo-injury induced hypertrophy of surviving muscle cells [69]. This was supported by data showing that AT-MSCs and BM-MSCs protected cardiomyoblasts from cell death induced by ischemia-reperfusion to a similar degree in vitro [70]. Additionally, MSCs from cardiac tissues were proven to show higher cardiomyogenic differentiation in vivo than BM-MSCs following injection to infarcted left ventricle [25].…”