Comparison of the Chemical Composition of Essential Oils Isolated by Water-steam Distillation and Hydrodistillation from Garden Thyme (<i>Thymus vulgaris</i>L.)

Wesołowska, Aneta; Grzeszczuk, Monika; Jadczak, D.

doi:10.1080/0972060x.2015.1025296

Cited by 13 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The variability in the chemical composition and quality of thyme EO depend on several factors including climatic, seasonal and geographic conditions [ 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 ], harvest period [ 27 ] the storage conditions [ 28 ] and distillation techniques [ 25 , 29 ]. The EO can be obtained in different ways: hydrodistillation (HD), the most common conventional method, used in research laboratories, is one of the easiest and routine methods and the most recommended by Pharmacopeia [ 30 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This latter method however revealed a lesser number of identified peaks. Another study was done by the team of professor Wesolowska [ 25 ] who reported that thymol (57.14–71.29%) and carvacrol (10.38–20.40%) were the main constituents identified in SD distilled oil, while thymol (41.34–52.23%), carvacrol (10.12–16.73%), p -cymene (9.10–12.12%) and γ-terpinene (6.12–10.20%) dominated in the HD oil. In the current work, all these compounds were present in the HD EO from ‘thymol’ chemotype, but in the SD EO the amount of thymol was around two-folds less than that found in HD and the sum of thymol and p -cymene cannot reach the thymol level in the hydrodistilled EO.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the same ways, γ-terpinene had a radical lowering (from 11.2% in 2017 to 4.5% in 2019) as well as α-terpinene (12) and β-myrcene (9) with a rate of decrease of 66.7% and 58.8%, respectively. On the contrary, borneol (25) and caryophyllene oxide (56) rates had a prominent increase (3 and 11.5 folds, respectively). Other compounds were evidenced only in the first year after collection such as cis-linalool oxide (20) only in 2017 and cis-sabinene hydrate (18) only in 2018.…”

Section: Eo Yield and Compositionmentioning

confidence: 92%

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Crop Yield and Essential Oil Composition of Two Thymus vulgaris Chemotypes along Three Years of Organic Cultivation in a Hilly Area of Central Italy

et al. 2021

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Thymus vulgaris L. is one of the most commonly used medicinal and aromatic plants (MAPs), owing to a range of therapeutic properties of its essential oil. Plant growth, biomass yield, essential oil content and composition are influenced by chemotype, environmental conditions, cultivation techniques and vegetative development. Since in MAPs cultivation special attention is paid on high quality of raw material, the adoption of sustainable agriculture methods is of pivotal importance. Therefore, we evaluated the agronomic and qualitative performances of two Thymus vulgaris L. chemotypes, organically cultivated under the Mediterranean climate of hilly lands of central Italy for three consecutive years (2017–2019). Along the trial, total above-ground dry biomass significantly increased from the 1st to 3rd year after planting and large variations in the main biological, biometric and productive traits were observed between the two chemotypes. The ‘thymol’ chemotype EO obviously showed thymol as the major constituent (51.26–49.87%) followed by γ-terpinene and p-cymene. The ‘linalool’ chemotype EO showed high percentages of oxygenated monoterpenes (about 90%) with linalool (75%), linalyl acetate (8.15%) and b-caryophyllene (3.2%) as main constituents. This study highlighted that T. vulgaris can be successfully organically grown in the hilly lands of Tuscany, with interesting biomass and essential oil yields, even though the plants were in the initial years of crop establishment (start in 2017). The introduction of this species into organic cultivation systems could contribute to obtain high-quality raw material, as well as to enhance crop rotation diversification, which is of pivotal importance in the management of organic farms.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Eo Yield and Compositionmentioning

confidence: 92%

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Crop Yield and Essential Oil Composition of Two Thymus vulgaris Chemotypes along Three Years of Organic Cultivation in a Hilly Area of Central Italy

et al. 2021

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“…HD was also found to be a more efficient process for extracting essential oils from Platycladus orientalis , [24] and Origanum majorana [25] . However, for Rosmarinus officinalis , [26] and Thymus vulgaris , [27] HD was not the most efficient method. This demonstrates that in addition to the extraction technique, the type of raw material used may also influence the yield of essential oil.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Extraction Yield, Chemical Composition, Preliminary Toxicity of Bignonia nocturna (Bignoniaceae) Essential Oil and in Silico Evaluation of the Interaction

Oliveira

Silva

Freitas

et al. 2021

Chemistry & Biodiversity

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Bignonia nocturna (Bignoniaceae) is a plant used for medicinal purposes by the Amazonian indigenous peoples. To date, there have been no reported studies on its toxicity. The present study aimed to evaluate the chemical composition of essential oils obtained from Bignonia nocturna by different extraction techniques. In addition, an in silico study of the molecular interactions was performed using molecular docking and molecular dynamics. The extractions were carried out by hydrodistillation, simultaneous distillation‐extraction, and steam distillation, using samples collected from the Amazon in summer and winter. The chemical composition was analyzed by GC/FID and GC/MS, and the cytotoxic activity in Artemia salina Leach was evaluated. The maximum yield (1.38 % w/w) was obtained by hydrodistillation. The results indicated that benzaldehyde predominated in all the fractions of both the volatile concentrate and the essential oils. In addition, the oil proved to be highly toxic to Artemia salina. The computer simulation results indicated that benzaldehyde strongly interacts with acetylcholinesterase, which is the likely interaction mechanism responsible for the cytotoxicity.

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“…the spilled product was collected until it is free of oil. The distillate was taken out in a 250 ml separating funnel and extracted twice with dichloromethane [8]. After the layers were separated, the aqueous layer was discarded.…”

Section: Extraction Apparatus and Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of steam distillation for extracting cinnamomum cassia oil from cinnamomum cassia bark

Li¹,

Sun²,

Wang³

et al. 2018

Proceedings of the 2018 3rd International Conference on Advances in Materials, Mechatronics and Civil Engineering (ICAMMCE 2018

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The aim of this work was to optimize the distillation conditions for extracting cinnamomum cassia oil from cinnamomum cassia bark by steam distillation. The orthogonal test was conducted to investigate the effects of the three main factors on cinnamomum cassia oil yield, including the solid-liquid ratio, the distillation time and the fragmentation degree of cinnamomum cassia bark. The investigation results show that the influence of the distillation conditions on extraction performance follows the sequence: fragmentation degree of cinnamomum cassia bark, the solid-liquid ratio and distillation time. And the optimum conditions are the fragmentation degree of 40 mesh, the ratio of material to liquid of 1/10 and the distillation time of 2 h. At the optimum distillation conditions, the cinnamomum cassia oil yield is about1.44%, and the extracted cinnamomum cassia oil has good quality with gold yellow color and prominent cinnamon scent.

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Comparison of the Chemical Composition of Essential Oils Isolated by Water-steam Distillation and Hydrodistillation from Garden Thyme (Thymus vulgarisL.)

Cited by 13 publications

References 23 publications

Crop Yield and Essential Oil Composition of Two Thymus vulgaris Chemotypes along Three Years of Organic Cultivation in a Hilly Area of Central Italy

Crop Yield and Essential Oil Composition of Two Thymus vulgaris Chemotypes along Three Years of Organic Cultivation in a Hilly Area of Central Italy

Extraction Yield, Chemical Composition, Preliminary Toxicity of Bignonia nocturna (Bignoniaceae) Essential Oil and in Silico Evaluation of the Interaction

Optimization of steam distillation for extracting cinnamomum cassia oil from cinnamomum cassia bark

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