Comparison of the bacterial community structure within the equine hindgut and faeces using Automated Ribosomal Intergenic Spacer Analysis (ARISA)

Sadet-Bourgeteau, Sophie; Philippeau, Christelle; Dequiedt, Samuel; Julliand, V.

doi:10.1017/s1751731114001943

Cited by 14 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The impact of the change of diet was marked, despite a high inter-horse variability as seen in the large mean standard errors that was found mainly in lactate concentrations in the caecum and colon. This confirmed the individual susceptibility, seen in horses fed high-starch diets as previously reported by several authors studying the equine hindgut microbial ecosystem (Julliand et al, 2001;Medina et al, 2002;Dougal et al, 2012 andSchoster et al, 2013;Sadet-Bourgeteau et al, 2014;Costa et al, 2015), and confirmed that some horses are more likely to develop digestive dysbiosis and potential intestinal diseases, such as colic. Using PCA the data showed that the two microbial ecosystems of horses clearly differed with the diet, and thus established that the hindgut microbiota was altered with the B diet.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…These faecal parameters could be of particular usefulness for the diagnosis of microbial imbalances in the caecum and RV colon (the proximal hindgut). Previous studies have shown that faeces could be representative of the distal hindgut microbial composition, but not of the proximal hindgut (Da Veiga et al, 2005;Hastie et al, 2008;Dougal et al, 2012 andSchoster et al, 2013;Sadet-Bourgeteau et al, 2014;Costa et al, 2015). In this study the data demonstrated that variations in the proximal hindgut microbial ecosystem could have repercussions on the faecal one.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 47%

“…The accessibility to such contents is not possible routinely from nonexperimental animals, as there is no direct access to these gut regions, whereas faeces can easily be collected and could be used as suitable samples to generate biomarkers to evaluate the status of the hindgut microbiota. Several studies have compared the hindgut and the faeces in terms of microbial diversity and structure (Da Veiga et al, 2005;Hastie et al, 2008;Dougal et al, 2012 andSchoster et al, 2013;Sadet-Bourgeteau et al, 2014;Costa et al, 2015) and in terms of microbial activity (Da Veiga et al, 2005;Dougal et al, 2012). Overall, these studies concluded that the microbial communities found in the proximal region of the hindgut (caecum, right ventral (RV) colon and left ventral colon) clearly differed from those found in the distal region (left dorsal colon and right dorsal colon), with the change occurring at the pelvic flexure region of the gut.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Faecal parameters as biomarkers of the equine hindgut microbial ecosystem under dietary change

Grimm

Philippeau

Julliand

2017

Animal

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Faeces could be used for evaluating the balance of the equine hindgut microbial ecosystem, which would offer a practical method for assessing gut health and how this relates to disease. However, previous studies concluded that faeces microbial ecosystem was not representative of the proximal hindgut (caecum and ventral colon). This study aimed to evaluate if variations of the faecal microbial ecosystem were similar to those observed in the proximal hindgut. Six horses, fistulated in the caecum and right ventral (RV) colon, were subjected to a gradual change of diet, from a 100% hay (high fibre) diet (2.2 DM kg/day per 100 kg BW) to a 57% hay + 43% barley (high starch) diet (0.8 DM kg/day per 100 kg BW hay and 0.6 DM kg/day per 100 kg BW barley). The two diets were iso-energetic and fed over a 3-week trial period. Samples of digesta from the caecum, RV colon and faeces were collected two times on the 10th and 20th day of the trial, for each diet to assess the microbial ecosystem parameters by both classical culture technics and biochemical methods. The variations observed in the caecal and colonic bacterial composition (increase in total anaerobic, amylolytic and lactate-utilizing and decrease in cellulolytic bacteria concentrations) and microbial activity (changes in volatile fatty acids concentrations and increase in lactate concentrations) demonstrated that the hay + barley diet caused changes in the hindgut microbial ecosystem. Similar variations were observed in the faecal microbial ecosystem. Feeding the hay + barley diet resulted in higher concentrations of faecal lipopolysaccharides. The functional bacterial group concentrations (cellulolytics, amylolytics and lactate utilizers) were significantly correlated between caecum and faeces and between colon and faeces. From analyses of the metabolites produced from microbial activity, only valerate concentration in the caecum and the proportion of propionate were significantly correlated with the same parameters in the faeces. Results of the principal component analysis performed between all the caecal/faecal and colonic/faecal parameters revealed that the total anaerobic and cellulolytic bacteria concentrations, as well as valerate, L-lactate and lipopolysaccharide concentrations were strongly correlated with several microbial parameters in the caecum ( P < 0.027; r > |0.45|) and in the colon ( P < 0.013; r > |0.50|). This demonstrated that faecal samples and their bacterial analyses could be used to represent caecum and RV colon hindgut microbial ecosystem in terms of variations during a change from a high-fibre to a high-starch diet, and thus could be markers of particular interest to diagnostic proximal hindgut microbial disturbances.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 47%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Faecal parameters as biomarkers of the equine hindgut microbial ecosystem under dietary change

Grimm

Philippeau

Julliand

2017

Animal

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“…Given that work by Sadet-Bourgeteau et al (2010) found similarity between the right ventral colon and the caecum, it would appear that regions between the caecum and the right dorsal colon may show a gradual shift in the bacterial population. Given that work by Sadet-Bourgeteau et al (2010) found similarity between the right ventral colon and the caecum, it would appear that regions between the caecum and the right dorsal colon may show a gradual shift in the bacterial population.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

A comparison of the microbiome and the metabolome of different regions of the equine hindgut

Dougal

Harris²,

Edwards

et al. 2012

FEMS Microbiol Ecol

133

118

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The microbiome and associated metabolome of faecal samples were compared to those from the caecum and right dorsal colon of horses and ponies euthanised for nonresearch purposes by investigating the microbial population community structure as well as their functional metabolic products. Through the use of 16S rRNA gene dendrograms, the caecum microbiome was shown to cluster separately from the other gut regions. 16S rRNA gene‐based quantitative PCR (q‐PCR) also demonstrated differences between the caecum and the other gut regions. Metabolites as identified by Fourier transform infrared clustered in a similar way and specific metabolic products (volatile fatty acids and ammonia) also varied by region. Protozoal 18S rDNA concentration and archaeal mcrA gene concentration quantified by q‐PCR were found in higher numbers in the colon than the other gut regions. Diversity calculations using Simpson and Shannon–Wiener indices demonstrated higher diversity in the right dorsal colon and faeces than in the caecum. All findings of this study suggest that faecal samples are likely to represent the microbial population of the right dorsal colon to some extent but not that of the caecum, indicating careful consideration is required when planning microbial investigations of the hindgut of the horse.

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“…Rapid fingerprinting procedures for community structure analysis (for example ARISA analysis [65] could be useful for delineating large numbers of specimen samples followed by more focused sequencing and other forms of analysis. Older methods such as DGGE and TRFLP seem to be less appropriate being costly, labour intensive, nonquantitative and given to gel-based and PCR-based biases [66] and only with limited means for sequence interrogation (e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar L.) Gastrointestinal Microbial Community Dynamics in Relation to Digesta Properties and Diet

et al. 2016

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To better understand salmon GI tract microbial community dynamics in relation to diet, a feeding trial was performed utilising diets with different proportions of fish meal, protein, lipid and energy levels. Salmon gut dysfunction has been associated with the occurrence of casts, or an empty hind gut. A categorical scoring system describing expressed digesta consistency was evaluated in relation to GI tract community structure. Faster growing fish generally had lower faecal scores while the diet cohorts showed minor differences in faecal score though the overall lowest scores were observed with a low protein, low energy diet.The GI tract bacterial communities were highly dynamic over time with the low protein, low energy diet associated with the most divergent community structure. This included transiently increased abundance of anaerobic (Bacteroidia and Clostridia) during January and February and facultatively anaerobic (lactic acid bacteria) taxa from February onwards. The digesta had enriched populations of these groups in relation to faecal cast samples. The majority of samples (60-86%) across all diet cohorts were eventually dominated by the genus Aliivibrio.The results suggest that an interaction between time of sampling and diet is most strongly related to community structure. Digesta categorization revealed microbes involved with metabolism of diet components change progressively over time and could be a useful system to assess feeding responses.

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Comparison of the bacterial community structure within the equine hindgut and faeces using Automated Ribosomal Intergenic Spacer Analysis (ARISA)

Cited by 14 publications

References 27 publications

Faecal parameters as biomarkers of the equine hindgut microbial ecosystem under dietary change

Faecal parameters as biomarkers of the equine hindgut microbial ecosystem under dietary change

A comparison of the microbiome and the metabolome of different regions of the equine hindgut

Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar L.) Gastrointestinal Microbial Community Dynamics in Relation to Digesta Properties and Diet

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