Comparison of the Antioxidant Activity of Malaysian Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) Extracts with that of Selected Natural Products and its Effect on the Viability of Myoblast Cells in Culture

Abstract

Ginger has been proven to possess various therapeutic effects, including antibacterial, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effects. However, data on the comparison of ginger antioxidant activity with that of other natural products are still lacking. This study aimed to analyse and compare the antioxidant properties of two types of Malaysian ginger extracts (GE1 and GE2) with that of selected natural products. The antioxidant activities were measured by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate (DPPH) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays, while cell viability was determined by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfonyl)-2H-tetrazolium (MTS) assay. The order of the DPPH scavenging activities was as follows: vitamin C > palm tocotrienol-rich fraction (TRF) > á-tocopherol > N-acetylcysteine (NAC) > Ficus deltoidea > butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) > Centella asiatica > GE2 > GE1 > Moringa oleifera > Kelulut honey; the order of the mean FRAP value was as follows: NAC > á-tocopherol > BHT > TRF > Ficus deltoidea > Moringa oleifera > GE2 = GE1 > Centella asiatica > Kelulut honey. The viability assays showed that both ginger extracts significantly increased the percentage of viable cells (p < 0.05). In conclusion, neither of the ginger extracts was cytotoxic toward cells and both possessed comparable antioxidant properties, indicating their potential for ameliorating oxidative stress.

A subcritical water extract of soil grown Zingiber officinale Roscoe: Comparative analysis of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects and evaluation of bioactive metabolites

“…This increased antioxidant power can be due to the soil ginger’s higher yield of total [6]-gingerols and [6]-shogaols, which resulted in a higher presence of total α, and β-unsaturated ketones moieties than in soilless ginger. In comparison to Moringa oleifera , Kelulut honey ( Mohd Sahardi et al, 2021 ), and other spices extracts ( Abdul Qadir et al, 2017 ), ginger showed stronger antioxidant activity.…”

“…The organic nitrogen free radical known as the DPPH free radical has a deep purple colour which turned yellow during the test. Antioxidants contained in the ginger extract donate hydrogen in order to scavenge the DPPH free radical in the DPPH assay, which helped to create the non-radical form of DPPH ( Mohd Sahardi et al, 2021 ). In FRAP assay, the identified antioxidant property changed the ferrous ion (Fe 2+ ) from the ferric ion (Fe 3+ ), causing a blue complex (Fe 2+ /TPTZ) to form ( Spiegel et al, 2020 ).…”

“…Two selected chemical markers for the extract, [6]-gingerol and [6]-shogaol were identified and quantified using HPLC (Waters Alliance 2,695, United States) equipped with a PhotoDiode Array Detector (Waters 2,996, United States) Table 1 and the Empower Chromatography Data System for data processing. Analysis method were adapted from Mohd Sahardi et al (2021) and optimized to the following parameters:…”

Elucidating the Pharmacological Properties of Zingiber officinale Roscoe (Ginger) on Muscle Ageing by Untargeted Metabolomic Profiling of Human Myoblasts

“…Different ages of cells were treated with various dosages of ginger extract. Young cells (PD14) were treated with 0, 50, 200 µg/mL ginger extract, pre-senescent cells (PD 18) at 0, 50, 300 µg/mL and senescent cells (PD 21) at 0, 100, 300 µg/mL These dosages were chosen based on the result of a cell viability assay from our previous study [26].…”