“…Repeated restraint stress is an inescapable paradigm similar to LH where the animal is enclosed daily in a narrow tube (1–6h/day) for up to 21 consecutive days (Watanabe et al, 1992, Magarinos and McEwen, 1995, Kim and Han, 2006, Ulloa et al, 2010, Yu et al, 2012, Lee et al, 2013, Voorhees et al, 2013, Cheng et al, 2014). Adult rodents exposed to repeated restraint stress exhibit a depression-like phenotype marked by reduced sucrose preference, anxiety-like exploratory deficits and increased immobility in the forced swim test (Kim and Han, 2006, Ulloa et al, 2010, Lee et al, 2013, Voorhees et al, 2013), Some of these phenotypes can only be reversed by chronic treatments with antidepressants (Stone et al, 1984, Ulloa et al, 2010, Yu et al, 2012).…”