Comparison of the amount of citric and malic acids in Al media of seven plant species and two cultivars each in five plant species

The plasma membrane strength of the root-tip cells and root phenolic compounds are correiated with Al tolerance in several common woody plants

“…2A and 3A), respectively, suggesting the same exclusion mechanism as that reported in several crop plant species. However, it has been reported that the amounts of exuded citric and malic acids from C. sinensis and 0. sativa (Ishikawa et al 2000) and organic acids from P. abies (Heim et al 1999) do not correspond to Al tolerance.…”

Plasma Membrane Lipids Are the Powerful Components for Early Stage Aluminum Tolerance in Triticale

“…Each solution, after 1 h of treatment (control, +Al) and 9 h of treatment with 0.2 mM CaCI,, was then collected. Organic acid anions in these solutions were determined by HPLC (Ma et al 1997, Ishikawa et al 2000. Permeability of PM and A1 accumulation in portions of the root-tips were visualized by FDA-PI (fluorescein diacetate-propidium iodide) fluorescence staining technique (Ishikawa and Wagatsuma 1998) and the hematoxylin staining method (Ofei-Manu et al 2001), respectively.…”

“…However, other strategies are also being suggested, such as cell wall properties (Tabuchi and Matsumoto 2001), changes in certain properties of microtubules (Sivaguru et al 1999), mitochondria1 function (Yamamoto et al 2002), plasma membrane (PM) intactness , and no or little involvement of the release of organic acid anions (Ishikawa et al 2000;Wenzl et al 2001). Differential A1 tolerance between two triticale (Triticosecale Wittmark cv Currency) lines (a 3DS.3RL translocation line ST22, and a non-substitution line ST2) was ascribed to the differential release of malic and citric acid anions at least 12 h after A1 treatment (Ma et al 2000).…”

Physiological and Biochemical Mechanisms of Plant Adaptation to Low-Fertility Acid Soils of the Tropics: The Case of Brachiariagrasses

“…The real-time PCR was performed by the LightCycler TM system (Roche) with the LightCycler DNA Master SYBR Green I kit for PCR (Roche), and the TaqStart TM antibody (Clontech) was used for the repression of unspecific amplification. (Ishikawa et al, 2000). Although B. brizantha is relatively less adapted than B.decumbens to infertile acid soils, B. brizantha was found to be superior in its level of Al resistance to the other crops tested.…”

“…We found a new mechanism for higher level of Al tolerance of an Al-resistant rice cultivar based on higher abundance of sterols in plasma membrane (PM) lipids of root-tip cells . Rice is also known for its greater level of Al resistance than other cereal crops and its level of resistance was also not related to organic acid anion exudation (Ishikawa et al, 2000;Ma et al, 2002). Therefore, it is crucial to test the role of sterols in PM lipids of root-tip cells of brachiariagrasses.…”