Comparison of the activity of cefixime and activities of other oral antibiotics against adult clinical isolates of Moraxella (Branhamella) catarrhalis containing BRO-1 and BRO-2 and Haemophilus influenzae

Nash, Donald R.; Flanagan, Cole; Steele, Lorraine C.; Wallace, Richard J.

doi:10.1128/aac.35.1.192

Cited by 19 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Our cefixime MICqq value of 0.12 pg/ml for Haemophilus strains are consistent with those reported by Powell and Williams [12] in AMPs and AMPr BLP strains and with the data pub lished by other authors (8,13].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

See 1 more Smart Citation

In vitro Activity of a New Broad-Spectrum, Beta-Lactamase-Stable Oral Cephalosporin, Cefixime, in Comparison with Other Drugs, against Haemophilus influenzae, Haemophilus parainfluenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis and Streptococcus pneumoniae

Stefani

Mb²,

D'Amico³

et al. 1992

Chemotherapy

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Cefixime, a new orally absorbed iminomethoxyaminothiazolyl cephalosporin, was tested against some microorganisms involved in upper and lower respiratory tract infections such as Haemophilus (influenzae and parainfluenzae), Moraxella catarrhalis and Streptococcus pneumoniae, isolated in the period from November 1990 to April 1991. Its activity was compared to nine other antimicrobial agents: erythromycin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, ampicillin, amoxicillin-clavulanate, cefaclor, ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, cefotaxime and ofloxacin. Cefixime inhibits 90% of S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae and H. parainfluenzae, both Β-lactamase producers (BLP) or not (NBLP) at concentrations of < 0.25 mg/l. It inhibits 90% of M. catarrhalis (BLP and NBLP) at concentrations of < 1 mg/l. In general, cefixime has a superior in vitro activity with respect to cefaclor and the other cephalosporins as well as erythromycin and amoxicillin (the last one in BLP strains). In the evaluation of the antibacterial activity of Β-lactam against Haemophilus and M. catarrhalis, the authors observed different indications in the guidelines for ampicillin. Cefixime is not destroyed by the plasmid-mediated Β-lactamase produced by Haemophilus sp. and M. catarrhalis (TEM and ROB in Haemophilus strains and BRO in M. catarrhalis). In view of its excellent in vitro activity against the commonly encountered respiratory tract pathogens, cefixime is indicated in the therapy of these infections.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

“…Regarding M. catarrhalis (table 2), the MICs of the drugs were higher than results re ported from other authors [8,9], In BLP strains ampicillin and cefaclor MIC values were from 5-to 10-fold higher than those for NBLP strains.…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 41%

In vitro Activity of a New Broad-Spectrum, Beta-Lactamase-Stable Oral Cephalosporin, Cefixime, in Comparison with Other Drugs, against Haemophilus influenzae, Haemophilus parainfluenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis and Streptococcus pneumoniae

Stefani

Mb²,

D'Amico³

et al. 1992

Chemotherapy

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“…A starting concentration of 10 7 CFU was used for determination of the MIC in solution. M. catarrhalis isolates with MICs of Յ0.125 g/ml amoxicillin were susceptible and those with MICs of Ͼ0.125 g/ml were resistant (21). NTHi and S. pneumoniae isolates with MICs of Յ1 g/ml and MICs of Յ0.5 g/ml amoxicillin, respectively, were considered susceptible.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Moraxella catarrhalis Outer Membrane Vesicles Carry β-Lactamase and Promote Survival of Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae by Inactivating Amoxicillin

Schaar

Nordström

Mörgelin

et al. 2011

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

136

140

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Moraxella catarrhalis is a common pathogen found in children with upper respiratory tract infections and in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease during exacerbations. The bacterial species is often isolated together with Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae. Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) are released by M. catarrhalis and contain phospholipids, adhesins, and immunomodulatory compounds such as lipooligosaccharide. We have recently shown that M. catarrhalis OMVs exist in patients upon nasopharyngeal colonization. As virtually all M. catarrhalis isolates are ␤-lactamase positive, the goal of this study was to investigate whether M. catarrhalis OMVs carry ␤-lactamase and to analyze if OMV consequently can prevent amoxicillin-induced killing. Recombinant ␤-lactamase was produced and antibodies were raised in rabbits. Transmission electron microscopy, flow cytometry, and Western blotting verified that OMVs carried ␤-lactamase. Moreover, enzyme assays revealed that M. catarrhalis OMVs contained active ␤-lactamase. OMVs (25 g/ml) incubated with amoxicillin for 1 h completely hydrolyzed amoxicillin at concentrations up to 2.5 g/ml.In functional experiments, preincubation of amoxicillin (10؋ MIC) with M. catarrhalis OMVs fully rescued amoxicillin-susceptible M. catarrhalis, S. pneumoniae, and type b or nontypeable H. influenzae from ␤-lactaminduced killing. Our results suggest that the presence of amoxicillin-resistant M. catarrhalis originating from ␤-lactamase-containing OMVs may pave the way for respiratory pathogens that by definition are susceptible to ␤-lactam antibiotics.After Streptococcus pneumoniae and nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi), Moraxella catarrhalis is the most common cause of bacterial respiratory infections in humans. M. catarrhalis causes acute otitis media in children and exacerbations in adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), but it can also be found in patients diagnosed with sinusitis and laryngitis. M. catarrhalis resides in the palatine tonsils and invades epithelial cells in the respiratory tract (11,14,25,27).One important characteristic of M. catarrhalis is that the bacterium, like most other Gram-negative species, releases outer membrane vesicles (OMVs). Over recent years, OMVs have been shown to contain several virulence factors allowing M. catarrhalis to evade the immune system and thus effectively colonize the host (31, 34, 37). Vesicles are formed when part of the bacterial outer membrane bulges out and pinches off, creating vesicles with sizes ranging from 50 to 250 nm (7,19,34,36). OMVs are composed of proteins and phospholipids found in the outer cell membrane but can also contain certain periplasmic proteins closely associated with the membrane. Interestingly, OMVs also contain immunomodulatory compounds, which enable bacteria to interact with the host immune system without requiring close contact (16). When we analyzed M. catarrhalis OMVs in detail using a proteomics approach combining 2-dimensional SDS-PAGE and matrixassist...

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“…The previous studies [22,29] have shown that isolates of M. catarrhaUs containing BRO-1 are more resistant to [5-lactams than isolates containing BRO-2. We also confirmed that isolates of M. catarrhaUs containing BRO-1 arc more resistant to amoxicillin, cefaclor and cefteram than are isolates con taining BRO-2.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of BRO Enzymes and Beta-Lactamase Transfer of Moraxella (Branhamella)catatrhalis Isolated in Japan

et al. 1993

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Of the 68 strains of β-lactamase-producing Moraxella (Branhamella) catarrhalis isolated in J apan that were studied, 62 (91%) produced the BRO-1-type β-lactamase and 6 (9%) produced the BRO-2 type. There were no strains containing the BRO-3-type β-lactamase. We compared the susceptibility of BRO-1- and BRO-2-producing strains to various oral β-lactam antibiotics. We found that the BRO-1-producing strains were less susceptible than the BRO-2-producing strains. Although the BRO-1 and BRO-2 types showed a similar hydrolysis pattern, the specific activity of BRO-1 was 3-fold that of BRO-2. We examined the transfer of the BRO-1 and BRO-2 genes to non-β-lactamase-producing M. catarrhalis No. 4020 and found that of the 13 donor strains producing BRO-1,11 (85%) were able to transfer the gene for BRO-1 production by conjugation. Of the 6 donor strains producing BRO-2, 2 (33%) were able to transfer the gene for BRO-2 production by conjugation. For 3 of the 13 (23%) BRO-1-producing strains and 1 of the 6 (17%) BRO-2-producing strains, about 13 Mdal-ton of plasmids were detected. These plasmid-containing strains were used as donors, and in fi-lactamase-producing transconjugants the same size of plasmids was detected. However, when the total DNA is extracted from strains with the ability to transfer by conjugation, the transformation of the β-lactamase-producing gene can occur regardless of the presence or absence of plasmids. Furthermore, even if purified plasmids are transformed, β-lactamase-producing transformants are not obtained. In this study, we found that β-lactamase-producing ability was not related to the plasmids we detected and that the gene for β-lactamase may be in the chromosomes.

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Comparison of the activity of cefixime and activities of other oral antibiotics against adult clinical isolates of Moraxella (Branhamella) catarrhalis containing BRO-1 and BRO-2 and Haemophilus influenzae

Cited by 19 publications

References 16 publications

In vitro Activity of a New Broad-Spectrum, Beta-Lactamase-Stable Oral Cephalosporin, Cefixime, in Comparison with Other Drugs, against <i>Haemophilus influenzae, Haemophilus parainfluenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis </i>and <i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i>

In vitro Activity of a New Broad-Spectrum, Beta-Lactamase-Stable Oral Cephalosporin, Cefixime, in Comparison with Other Drugs, against <i>Haemophilus influenzae, Haemophilus parainfluenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis </i>and <i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i>

Moraxella catarrhalis Outer Membrane Vesicles Carry β-Lactamase and Promote Survival of Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae by Inactivating Amoxicillin

Characterization of BRO Enzymes and Beta-Lactamase Transfer of <i>Moraxella (Branhamella)</i><i>catatrhalis</i> Isolated in Japan

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