Comparison of the Activity of Four Chitosan Derivatives in Reducing Initial Adherence of Oral Bacteria onto Tooth Surfaces.

Abstract

We examined the effects of four kinds of chitosan derivatives on initial adherence of oral bacteria onto human anterior teeth surfaces. The buccal surfaces of anterior teeth were used as the experimental surfaces. They were divided into five rectangle areas with outer dimensions of about 2 mm x 4 mm. After applying two ml of a sample solution onto the tooth surfaces, an examiner wiped each rectangle area with a sterilized plastic swab one, three and six hours later. Then we measured bacterial counts in sterilized swabs with mitis salivarius agar. We found that the order of magnitude of the inhibitory effect on the adherence of oral bacteria was low molecular chitosan > phosphorylated chitosan > amorphous chitosan > carboxymethyl chitosan. The solution containing 0.5% low molecular chitosan depressed the bacterial adherence to the same extent as a 50 ppm chlorhexidine digluconate solution for three hours, and 0.1% phosphorylated chitosan also exhibited an inhibitory effect in bacterial adherence for one hour. Amorphous chitosan had a moderate inhibitory effect, but no clear inhibitory activity was found with 0.1% carboxymethyl chitosan. These results suggest that low molecular chitosan and phosphorylated chitosan have the potential to effectively inhibit the initial adherence of oral bacteria onto human tooth surfaces.

Comparison of antiadhesive and antibacterial effects of antiseptics on Streptococcus sanguinis

“…A characteristic feature of these compounds is the marked bioadhesive effect, so that the attachment of the natural polysaccharide polymer to biological substrates could be applied for the prevention of dental biofilm accumulation (21,22). The antiadhesive effects of chitosan found in the present study are in agreement with the results of a recent clinical study (23). S ano et al .…”

“…S ano et al . (23) and T arsi et al . (20) hypothesized that the chitosan interactions are likely to cause bacterial surface modifications and chitosan adsorption to host surfaces.…”

The Future of Fluorides and Other Protective Agents in Erosion Prevention

“…This layer is formed because chitosan has a strong positive zeta potential, and it can readily adsorb to surfaces with a strong negative zeta potential [Claesson and Ninham, 1992], such as enamel [Young et al, 1997]. Chitosan was also shown to adsorb onto salivary pellicle proteins [Sano et al, 2001;van der Mei et al, 2007]. In the presence of mucin, both chitosan and mucin interact to form firmly attached multilayers [Dedinaite et al, 2005].…”

Influence of a chitosan on oral bacterial adhesion and growth in vitro

“…Also in vivo , low‐molecular‐weight chitosans inhibited the initial adhesion of oral bacteria to human tooth surfaces at a level comparable to that of a 50 mg l −1 (50 p.p.m.) chlorhexidine solution (11).…”