Comparison of Tear Meniscus Height Measurements Obtained With the Keratograph and Fourier Domain Optical Coherence Tomography in Dry Eye

Baek, Ji Won; Doh, Sang Hee; Chung, Sung Kun

doi:10.1097/ico.0000000000000575

Cited by 52 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 27 publications

(30 reference statements)

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“…Tear meniscus height was measured to 0.01 mm accuracy using the Keratograph ® 5M (OCULUS Inc, Wetzlar, Germany) 18 . The built-in software ruler was used to conduct the measurement.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The relief of dry eye signs and symptoms using a combination of lubricants, lid hygiene and ocular nutraceuticals

Ngo

Srinivasan

Houtman³

et al. 2017

Journal of Optometry

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PurposeTo determine the combined effect of TheraTears® Lubricant Eye Drops, TheraTears® SteriLid Eyelid Cleanser, and TheraTears® Nutrition on dry eye signs and symptoms.MethodsThis prospective study enrolled 28 dry eye participants. Participants were instructed to use the Lubricant Eye Drops at least 2–4× a day, SteriLid 1–2× a day, and Nutrition 3 gel caps once a day. Participants were followed up at baseline, 1 month and 3 months. Outcome variables were the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI), Symptom Assessment iN Dry Eye (SANDE) questionnaire, non-invasive tear break-up time (NIBUT), osmolarity, number of meibomian glands blocked (#MG blocked), meibum quality, eyelid margin features, Schirmer's test, tear film lipid layer thickness (LLT), meniscus height, corneal and conjunctival staining.ResultsTwenty participants (mean age = 43, from 23 to 66, 17F, 3M) completed the study. Participants reported having used, on average, the Lubricant Eye Drop 2.4×/day, the SteriLid 1.1×/day, and the Nutrition 3 gel caps 1×/day. There was a significant change over time (p < 0.05) for OSDI (−21.2 points), SANDE (−32.4 points), NIBUT (+0.43 s), eyelid margin features (−1.1 grade), meibum quality (−1.0 grade), and #MG blocked (−4.0 glands).ConclusionBy using a combination of TheraTears® Lubricant Eye Drop, SteriLid, and Nutrition, patients experience significant relief in both dry eye symptoms and signs.

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“…Tear meniscus height was measured to 0.01 mm accuracy using the Keratograph ® 5M (OCULUS Inc, Wetzlar, Germany) 18 . The built-in software ruler was used to conduct the measurement.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The relief of dry eye signs and symptoms using a combination of lubricants, lid hygiene and ocular nutraceuticals

Ngo

Srinivasan

Houtman³

et al. 2017

Journal of Optometry

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“…97,110–120 Some studies suggest there is good repeatability and reproducibility of TMH measurements in DED and normals. 101,114,115,118,120–122 However, TMH taken with different machines may not be comparable. 111,115,121 …”

Section: Point Of Care Biomarkersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…101,114,115,118,120–122 However, TMH taken with different machines may not be comparable. 111,115,121 …”

Section: Point Of Care Biomarkersmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Growing Need for Validated Biomarkers and Endpoints for Dry Eye Clinical Research

Roy

Wei

Kuklinski

et al. 2017

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

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PurposeBiomarkers with minimally invasive and reproducible objective metrics provide the key to future paradigm shifts in understanding of the underlying causes of dry eye disease (DED) and approaches to treatment of DED. We review biomarkers and their validity in providing objective metrics for DED clinical research and patient care.MethodsThe English-language literature in PubMed primarily over the last decade was surveyed for studies related to identification of biomarkers of DED: (1) inflammation, (2) point-of-care, (3) ocular imaging, and (4) genetics. Relevant studies in each group were individually evaluated for (1) methodological and analytical details, (2) data and concordance with other similar studies, and (3) potential to serve as validated biomarkers with objective metrics.ResultsSignificant work has been done to identify biomarkers for DED clinical trials and for patient care. Interstudy variation among studies dealing with the same biomarker type was high. This could be attributed to biologic variations and/or differences in processing, and data analysis. Correlation with other signs and symptoms of DED was not always clear or present.ConclusionsMany of the biomarkers reviewed show the potential to serve as validated and objective metrics for clinical research and patient care in DED. Interstudy variation for a given biomarker emphasizes the need for detailed reporting of study methodology, including information on subject characteristics, quality control, processing, and analysis methods to optimize development of nonsubjective metrics. Biomarker development offers a rich opportunity to significantly move forward clinical research and patient care in DED.OverviewDED is an unmet medical need — a chronic pain syndrome associated with variable vision that affects quality of life, is common with advancing age, interferes with the comfortable use of contact lenses, and can diminish results of eye surgeries, such as cataract extraction, LASIK, and glaucoma procedures. It is a worldwide medical challenge with a prevalence rate ranging from 8% to 50%. Many clinicians and researchers across the globe are searching for better answers to understand the mechanisms related to the development and chronicity of DED. Though there have been many clinical trials for DED, few new treatments have emerged over the last decade. Biomarkers may provide the needed breakthrough to propel our understanding of DED to the next level and the potential to realize our goal of truly personalized medicine based on scientific evidence. Clinical trials and research on DED have suffered from the lack of validated biomarkers and less than objective and reproducible endpoints. Current work on biomarkers has provided the groundwork to move forward. This review highlights primarily ocular biomarkers that have been investigated for use in DED, discusses the methodologic outcomes in providing objective metrics for clinical research, and suggests recommendations for further work.

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“…Tear meniscus dimensions can be measured by optical coherence tomography (OCT) or from a reflected image using commercially available instruments. 25,27,28 OCT is a rapid, accurate and reproducible method to image tear meniscus dimensions and the latest generation instruments have an optical resolution of 5 microns. 29 The tear meniscus height, width or cross-sectional area can be measured.…”

Section: Practical Tear Volume Based Approach To Classification Of Tementioning

confidence: 99%

“…14 Tear stability can be measured by non-invasive imaging methods or by the traditional fluorescein tear break up time. 28,34 Confirmation of tear instability is particularly important in patients with normal or increased TMH. If tear break up time is found to be normal in this group, the patient should be examined for other causes of irritation, such as exposure, allergy, superior limbic keratoconjunctivitis, lid malposition or tear drainage obstruction.…”

Section: Practical Tear Volume Based Approach To Classification Of Tementioning

confidence: 99%

Tear Volume-based Diagnostic Classification for Tear Dysfunction

Pflugfelder¹,

Gümüş²,

Feuerman³

et al. 2017

International Ophthalmology Clinics

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Dysfunction of one or more components of the lacrimal functional unit results in an unstable tear film that can trigger eye irritation or cause ocular surface disease. There are distinct differences in the pattern of cornea and conjunctival disease and inflammation between aqueous deficient and aqueous sufficient tear dysfunction. There are accurate commercially available methods to measure tear volume. Diagnostic classification based on tear volume can guide therapy and identify patients with higher risk of developing disabling ocular surface disease or irritation.

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Comparison of Tear Meniscus Height Measurements Obtained With the Keratograph and Fourier Domain Optical Coherence Tomography in Dry Eye

Abstract: Although the TMH measured with the keratograph tended to be lower than that measured with FD-OCT, the TMH measured with the keratograph closely correlated with the TMH measured with FD-OCT and conventional tests and had good repeatability and reliability.

Cited by 52 publications

References 27 publications

The relief of dry eye signs and symptoms using a combination of lubricants, lid hygiene and ocular nutraceuticals

The relief of dry eye signs and symptoms using a combination of lubricants, lid hygiene and ocular nutraceuticals

The Growing Need for Validated Biomarkers and Endpoints for Dry Eye Clinical Research

Tear Volume-based Diagnostic Classification for Tear Dysfunction

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