Comparison of Surti goat milk with cow and buffalo milk for gross composition, nitrogen distribution, and selected minerals content

Abstract

Aim:The study was undertaken to find out the gross composition, nitrogen distribution, and selected mineral content in Surti goat milk, and its comparison was made between cow and buffalo milk.Materials and Methods:Goat milk samples of Surti breed and buffalo milk samples were collected during the period from July to January 2014 at Reproductive Biology Research Unit, Anand Agricultural University (AAU), Anand. Cow milk samples of Kankrej breed were collected from Livestock Research Station, AAU, Anand. Samples were analyzed for gross composition such as total solids (TS), fat, solid not fat (SNF), protein, lactose, and ash. Samples were also analyzed for nitrogen distribution such as total nitrogen (TN), non-casein nitrogen (NCN), non-protein nitrogen (NPN), and selected minerals content such as calcium, magnesium, phosphorous, and chloride. Total five replications were carried out.Results:Goat milk had the lowest TS, fat, protein, and lactose content among all three types of milk studied in the present investigation. On the other hand, the highest TS, fat, protein, and lactose content were found in buffalo milk. Buffalo milk had the highest SNF, calcium, magnesium, and phosphorous content, which was followed by goat milk and lowest in cow milk. The SNF, protein, TN, and calcium content of goat milk were statistically non-significant (p<0.05) with cow milk. The lactose content of goat milk was significantly lower (p>0.05) than that of the cow milk as well as buffalo milk. The goat milk had the highest ash and NCN content, which were followed by buffalo milk and lowest in cow milk. However, the differences in ash, NPN, and phosphorous content of three types of milk studied, viz., goat milk, cow milk, and buffalo milk were found statistically non-significant (p<0.05). The NCN content of buffalo milk was statistically non-significant (p<0.05) with cow milk as well as goat milk. The NCN and magnesium content of goat milk were significantly higher (p>0.05) than that of the cow milk. The magnesium content of goat milk was statistically non-significant (p<0.05) with buffalo milk. The chloride content of goat milk was significantly higher (p>0.05) than that of the buffalo milk as well as cow milk.Conclusion:It can be concluded from the study that the goat milk has lower TS, fat, lactose, protein content, TN as well as NPN but higher ash and NCN content compared to cow milk and buffalo milk. The goat milk has lower calcium, phosphorous compared to buffalo milk while it has higher calcium, phosphorous compared to cow milk, and it has higher magnesium, chloride content compared to cow milk and buffalo milk.

Bacterial microbiota of Kazakhstan cheese revealed by single molecule real time (SMRT) sequencing and its comparison with Belgian, Kalmykian and Italian artisanal cheeses

“…The type of milk might also have contributed to the differences in the microbiota composition after fermentation due to both the intrinsic nutrient components and the pre-existing natural starter cultures. Buffalo milk has a higher fat and protein content than cow milk [61], and thus water-soluble and non-protein-nitrogen. The analyses of the microbiota of raw milk, nature whey and water buffalo mozzarella cheese by high-throughput sequencing indicated that nature whey had an important effect on the final microbial composition of cheese [14, 62].…”

Milk composition, antioxidant activities and protein profile of Gaddi goat milk

“…The lactose contents were initially low, but increased during late lactation. In other Indian goats, for example Surti goat, the lactose content was found to be 3.78%–4.45% with a mean value of 4.16% (Kapadiya et al, ).…”

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“…The balance between bone formation and resorption is regulated and influenced by a complex system such as cytokines, growth factors, sex hormones, and calcium 10,11 . Chronic calcium deficiency is a risk factor for osteoporosis 12 . Consumption of 1200 mg of calcium daily may decrease the incidence of vertebral fractures in women with low calcium intakes 12 .…”

“…Chronic calcium deficiency is a risk factor for osteoporosis 12 . Consumption of 1200 mg of calcium daily may decrease the incidence of vertebral fractures in women with low calcium intakes 12 . Bone remodeling markers are influenced by diurnal variation and calcium intake 13 .…”