Comparison of structural characteristics and immunoregulatory activities of polysaccharides from four natural plants

Abstract

Polysaccharides have various bioactivities including anti-tumour, antioxidant and immunoregulation, which are correlated with their structural characteristics. Here, four polysaccharides from Glycyrrhiza uralensis (GUPS), Pleurotus ferulae (PFPS), Triticum aestivum (TAPS) and Oryza sativa (OSPS) were purified to compare their structural characteristics and immunoregulatory activities. The data showed that TAPS, OSPS, GUPS and PFPS contained different monosaccharide components and had distinctly structural characteristics. All the four polysaccharides promoted the maturation of dendritic cells (DCs) through TLR4 with different activities. GUPS and PFPS also reduced the phagocytosis of DCs but not for TAPS and OSPS. Importantly, GUPS and PFPS enhanced the Th1 skewing immune response in mice without inflammation.TAPS and OSPS only showed weak immunostimulatory activity in vivo. The immunostimulatory activities of the four polysaccharides were ranked as PFPS = GUPS > TAPS > OSPS. ARTICLE HISTORY

Phytochemical Screening and Antibacterial Activity of Whole Plant Crude Extracts of Euphorbia hirta Linn against Some Clinical Isolates

“…It is used to cure pimples, female disorders, respiratory ailments (cough, asthma, coryza and bronchitis), dysentery and tumors (Kausa et al, 2016). E. hirta contains phytochemicals such as: triterpenoids, sterols, alkaloids, glycosides, flavonoids, tannins, phenols, choline and shikimic acid while some of the reported activities include its use as an antispasmodic, antiasthmatic, expectorant, anticatarrhal, antisyphilitic, antibacterial, antidiabetic, antivenom, wound healing, antimalarial, immunostimulatory, antithrombocytopenic, antioxidant, anticancer, antiallergy, anti-inflammatory and diuretic (Gopi et al, 2016;Kanedi, 2017;Anjum et al, 2017;Kikete et al, 2018;Thabet et al, 2018;Aleksandrov et al, 2019;Rahman et al, 2019;Uzor, 2020;Mahabati et al, 2020;Tran et al, 2020;Gokulprasath et al, 2021). However, El-Mahmood (2009) reported that E. hirta is a very popular herb amongst practitioners of traditional medicine and some of its local names in Nigeria include "nonon furchiya" in Hausa, "tepel" in fulzfulde, "Harvom" in Kaka and "Hammock sand mat" (Florida) while the exudate of the stem is used to treat eye and ear infections in Nigeria.…”

Establishment of an Efficient Polyethylene Glycol (PEG)-Mediated Transformation System in Pleurotus eryngii var. ferulae Using Comprehensive Optimization and Multiple Endogenous Promoters

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