Comparison of Static and Driving Simulator Venues for the Tactile Detection Response Task

Engström, Johan; Larsson, Pontus; Larsson, Christian

doi:10.17077/drivingassessment.1514

Cited by 14 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 3 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The DRT is used to measure the residual attentional resources of a participant in a dual-task design. The DRT was standardized under ISO:17488 (2016) in an attempt to bring consistency to the tasks used in cognitive workload and driver distraction literature, including the PDT, TDT, and Winsum et al (1999); Merat and Jamson (2008); Engström, Larsson, and Larsson (2013); Young, Hsieh, and Seaman (2013) and Diels (2011) have shown evidence for these tasks' sensitivity to changes in workload across a variety of stimulus modality and contextual environments, including real world and simulated driving. In a standardized DRT experiment, participants are required to respond to a simple but salient peripheral stimulus (e.g., a small salient light or vibration) that is repeatedly presented at random intervals (between three and five seconds), while they complete other tasks (e.g., driving).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Broader Application of the Detection Response Task to Cognitive Tasks and Online Environments

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective The present research applied a well-established measure of cognitive workload in driving literature to an in-lab paradigm. We then extended this by comparing the in-lab version of the task to an online version. Background The accurate and objective measurement of cognitive workload is important in many aspects of psychological research. The detection response task (DRT) is a well-validated method for measuring cognitive workload that has been used extensively in applied tasks, for example, to investigate the effects of phone usage or passenger conversation on driving, but has been used sparingly outside of this field. Method The study investigated whether the DRT could be used to measure cognitive workload in tasks more commonly used in experimental cognitive psychology and whether this application could be extended to online environments. We had participants perform a multiple object tracking (MOT) task while simultaneously performing a DRT. We manipulated the cognitive load of the MOT task by changing the number of dots to be tracked. Results Measurements from the DRT were sensitive to changes in the cognitive load, establishing the efficacy of the DRT for experimental cognitive tasks in lab-based situations. This sensitivity continued when applied to an online environment (our code for the online DRT implementation is freely available at https://osf.io/dc39s/ ), though to a reduced extent compared to the in-lab situation. Conclusion The MOT task provides an effective manipulation of cognitive workload. The DRT is sensitive to changes in workload across a range of settings and is suitable to use outside of driving scenarios, as well as via online delivery. Application Methodology shows how the DRT could be used to measure sources of cognitive workload in a range of human factors contexts.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Broader Application of the Detection Response Task to Cognitive Tasks and Online Environments

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, as reviewed in [1,2] this effect appears to depend strongly on the type of response task. More specifically, cognitive load (CL) reliably impairs response performance on non-practiced, artificial, response tasks such as the detection response task (DRT; [3][4][5][6][7][8]) or speeded and/or instructed responses to a lead vehicle's (LV's) brake light onset [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19]. However, CL appears to leave response performance more or less unaffected in more natural response tasks, such as reacting to rapidly closing, visually looming (optically expanding) objects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulating the effect of cognitive load on braking responses in lead vehicle braking scenarios

Engström

Markkula

Xue

et al. 2018

IET Intelligent Transport Systems

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract:The recently proposed cognitive control hypothesis suggests that the performance of cognitively loading but nonvisual tasks such as cell phone conversation selectively impairs driving tasks that rely on top-down cognitive control while leaving automatized driving tasks unaffected. This idea is strongly supported by the existing experimental literature and we have previously outlined a conceptual model to account for the key underlying mechanisms. The present paper presents a mechanistically explicit account of the cognitive control hypothesis in terms of a computational simulation model. More specifically, it is shown how this model offers a straightforward explanation for why the effect of cognitive load on brake response time reported in experimental lead vehicle braking studies depends strongly on scenario kinematics, more specifically the initial time headway. It is demonstrated that this relatively simple model can be fitted to empirical data obtained from an existing meta-analysis on existing lead vehicle braking studies.

show abstract

“…The task is employed for measuring the effects of the demands of driving and engaging in secondary tasks on driver attention, particularly in the context of driver and vehicle interface evaluation [15]. Two types of DRT were used in the study-tactile and head-mounted.…”

Section: Detection Response Taskmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement of Driver Distraction in Malaysia’s Traffic Environment: A Driving Simulator Study

Siam¹,

Isa²,

Borhan³

et al. 2015

J. Mech. Eng. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The Malaysian Institute of Road Safety Research has embarked on the development of a fixed-based driving simulator that can be reconfigured easily to suit various road safety research requirements. The objective of this study is to measure driver distraction in terms of participants' response time for different road conditions and secondary tasks using a driving simulator. Three different simulation routes were designed in the study-expressway, off-ramp, and curved road. Thirty participants took part in the study. Two types of detection response task were used in the study-tactile and visual. Recall number, surrogate reference task, navigation, and texting were used as secondary tasks. The results showed that in terms of road segments, both types of detection response task were found to be sensitive; longer response times were observed for more demanding off-ramp and curved road sections when compared with expressway. Furthermore, for secondary tasks, the participants took longer to respond to both stimuli, particularly for the more difficult task followed by an easier task. In general, response times increased as a function of road segments as well as exposure to secondary tasks.Keywords: Driving simulator; driver distraction; response time; secondary task; road safety. INTRODUCTIONIn 2012, 6,917 fatalities were recorded in Malaysia due to road crashes, with an average of 18 people killed every day [1]. This is not only happening in this country but also worldwide, as road traffic injury is the eleventh leading cause of death, and over one million people are killed every year in road crashes [2]. A previous study showed that human errors are the major contributing factor in approximately 90% of road traffic accidents [3]; driver distraction is a significant contributor to road traffic accidents [4,5]. Naturalistic driving studies have demonstrated that drivers have a tendency to spend a vast amount of driving time doing secondary tasks. According to research, approximately 23% of all crashes and near-crashes were caused by distraction due to secondary tasks [6]. Driving performance begins to deteriorate when drivers fail to allocate sufficient attention to the driving task at critical moments, because they are engaged in another task, thereby resulting in an impairment of the ability to drive safely and effectively [7,8]. One of the prominent tools to study human-related issues specifically for driver distraction is a driving simulator. It is able to simulate a virtual driving environment and resemble real driving conditions [9][10][11]. The advantages of

show abstract

Comparison of Static and Driving Simulator Venues for the Tactile Detection Response Task

Cited by 14 publications

References 3 publications

A Broader Application of the Detection Response Task to Cognitive Tasks and Online Environments

A Broader Application of the Detection Response Task to Cognitive Tasks and Online Environments

Simulating the effect of cognitive load on braking responses in lead vehicle braking scenarios

Measurement of Driver Distraction in Malaysia’s Traffic Environment: A Driving Simulator Study

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About